Puncak Mandala
| Puncak Mandala | |
|---|---|
| Julianatop, Aplim Apom | |
 Puncak Mandala from northwest | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 4,760 m (15,620 ft)[1] |
| Prominence | 2,760 m (9,060 ft)[1] |
| Listing | Seven Second Summits Ultra Ribu |
| Coordinates | 4°42′31″S 140°17′21″E / 4.70861°S 140.28917°E |
| Geography | |
  Puncak Mandala Highland Papua Province, Indonesia  Puncak Mandala Puncak Mandala (Highland Papua) | |
| Parent range | Jayawijaya (Orange) Range |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 9 September 1959 by Herman Verstappen, Arthur Escher, Max Tissing, Jan de Wijn & Piet ter Laag [2] |
Puncak Mandala or Mandala Peak (until 1963 Julianatop or Juliana Peak) is a mountain located in Highland Papua, Indonesia. At 4,760 metres (15,617 ft), it is the highest point of the Jayawijaya (Orange) Range and is included in Seven Second Summits. Following Puncak Jaya/Mount Carstensz (4884 m) 350 km to the west, Mandala is the second-highest freestanding mountain in Oceania, Australasia, New Guinea, and Indonesia.[3][4]
Etymology
[edit]Locally, the mountain peak is called Aplim Apom, a holy place where the creator Atangki created humans, Aplim Apom Sibilki (children of Aplim Apom). Under Indonesian administration, the mountain is called Mandala Peak. While the reasoning was not recorded at the time, the name Mandala corresponds with the Aplim Apom creation myth. The mountain is believed to be the center of the universe and the mythical place where Atangki resides.[5]
Geology
[edit]Mandala is one of the three high massifs of Western New Guinea, together with the Carstensz and Trikora complexes.[4] This peak used to have an ice cap, but it was last seen in 1989 and by 2003 it was gone.[4] Based on the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data, this peak is likely higher than Puncak Trikora, which lost its icecap in about 1960.[4]
Ascents
[edit]Due to its remoteness and the difficulty of the approach route, Mandala (like many of the New Guinea peaks) has very rarely been climbed. Climbers from the Dutch 1959 expedition to the Star Mountains successfully climbed the peak on the 9th of September.[6]
Austrian mountaineer Christian Stangl climbed Mandala on February 28, 2012 during his bid to be the first person to ascend the Seven Second and Seven Third Summits[7]
See also
[edit]- List of Southeast Asian mountains
- List of ultras of the Malay Archipelago
- List of highest mountains of New Guinea
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Mountains of the Indonesian Archipelago" Peaklist.org. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
- ^ Video report of first ascent (in Dutch)
- ^ List of highest mountains in Indonesia at the Gunung Baggingsite.
- ^ a b c d "Puncak Mandala, Indonesia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
- ^ Sitokdana, Melkior N.N (2016). Sejarah Nama Pegunungan Bintang, Papua & Awal Mula Peradaban Orang Asli Pegunungan Bintang. PT Kanisius. Retrieved 2024-05-21.
- ^ Jansen Hendriks, Gerda. "Sterrengebergte" (in Dutch). NPO. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ https://services.thebmc.co.uk/christian-stangl-completes-the-triple-seven-summits
Further reading
[edit]- "Puncak Mandala" at GunungBagging.com
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