August 5
August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining.
Events
- 642 - Battle of Maserfeld - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia
- 1100 - Henry I crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey
- 1305 - William Wallace, who led Scottish resistance to England, is captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London for trial and execution.
- 1583 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St John's, Newfoundland.
- 1689 - 1,500 Iroquois attack village of Lachine, in New France.
- 1763 - Pontiac's War - Battle of Bushy Run - British forces led by Henry Bouquet defeat Chief Pontiac's Indians at Bushy Run.
- 1772 - First Partition of Poland begins.
- 1812 - War of 1812: Tecumseh's Indian force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
- 1858 - Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts. It operated for less than a month.
- 1860 - Carl IV of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
- 1861 - American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government issues the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US $800; rescinded in 1872).
- 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge - Along the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Confederate troops drive Union forces back into the city.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Mobile Bay begins - At Mobile Bay near Mobile, Alabama, Admiral David Farragut leads a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses and seals one of the last major Southern ports.
- 1874 - Japan launches its postal savings system, modeled after a similar system in England.
- 1882 - Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
- 1882 - Martial law is enacted in Japan.
- 1884 - The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty is laid on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor.
- 1912 - Japan's first taxicab service begins in Ginza, Tokyo.
- 1914 - In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is installed.
- 1944 - World War II: Possibly the biggest prison breakout in history occurs as 545 Japanese POW's attempt to escape outside the town of Cowra, NSW, Australia. Most are killed but many escape and later commit suicide. Five Australian guards also die.
- 1944 - Holocaust: Polish insurgents liberate a German labor camp in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners.
- 1949 - In Ecuador an earthquake destroys 50 towns and kills more than 6000.
- 1960 - Burkina Faso, then known as "Upper Volta", becomes independent from France
- 1962 - Film actress and sex icon, Marilyn Monroe is found dead in her Los Angeles home after apparently overdosing on sleeping pills.
- 1963 - United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union sign a nuclear test ban treaty.
- 1964 - Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow - American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes attacked US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.
- 1969 - Mariner program: Mariner 7 makes its closest fly-by of Mars (3,524 kilometers).
- 1974 - Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress places a $1 billion dollar limit on military aid to South Vietnam.
- 1981 - Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work.
- 1993 - Popular trading card game Magic: the Gathering is released. First trading card game to date.
- 1995 - The city of Knin, a significant Serb stronghold, is liberated by Croatian forces during Operation Storm. The date is celebrated as the day of victory ("Homeland Thanksgiving Day") in Croatia.
- 1999 - Mark McGwire becomes the 16th member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Busch Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri.
- 2001 - The Cleveland Indians defeat the Seattle Mariners 15-14 in a record-setting game known as the Impossible Return.
- 2003 - A car bomb explodes in the Indonesian capital of Jakarta.
Births
- 1301 - Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician (d. 1330)
- 1623 - Antonio Cesti, Italian composer (d. 1669)
- 1641 - John Hathorne, American magistrate (d. 1717)
- 1662 - James Anderson, Scottish historian (d. 1728)
- 1694 - Leonardo Leo, Italian composer (d. 1744)
- 1802 - Niels Henrik Abel, Norwegian mathematician (d. 1829)
- 1813 - Ivar Aasen, Norwegian poet and language reformer (d. 1896)
- 1815 - Edward John Eyre, English explorer (d. 1901)
- 1850 - Guy de Maupassant, French author (d. 1893)
- 1872 - Oswaldo Cruz, Brazilian physician (d. 1917)
- 1866 - Carl Harries, German chemist (d. 1923)
- 1877 - Tom Thomson, Canadian painter (d. 1917)
- 1889 - Conrad Aiken, American writer (d. 1973)
- 1890 - Erich Kleiber, Austrian-born conductor (d. 1956)
- 1890 - Naum Gabo (born Naum Pevsner), Sculptor (d. 1977)
- 1897 - Aksel Larsen, Danish politician (d. 1972)
- 1906 - John Huston, American director (d. 1987)
- 1906 - Wassily Leontief, Russian economist, Bank of Sweden Prize winner (d. 1999)
- 1908 - Harold Holt, seventeenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1967)
- 1911 - Robert Taylor, American actor (d. 1969)
- 1918 - Betty Oliphant, co-founder of National Ballet of Canada (d. 2004)
- 1923 - Devan Nair, President of Singapore
- 1930 - Neil Armstrong, astronaut
- 1935 - John Saxon, American actor
- 1937 - Herb Brooks, American hockey coach (d. 2003)
- 1939 - Princess Irene of the Netherlands
- 1943 - Nelson Briles, baseball player (d. 2005)
- 1946 - Loni Anderson, American actress
- 1946 - Jimmy Webb, American composer and musician
- 1947 - Rick Derringer, American musician
- 1953 - Rick Mahler, baseball player (d. 2005)
- 1956 - Maureen McCormick, American actress
- 1961 - Clayton Rohner, American actor
- 1962 - Patrick Ewing, American basketball player
- 1964 - Adam Yauch, American musician
- 1966 - Jonathan Silverman, American actor
- 1972 - Christian Olde Wolbers, Belgian bassist (Fear Factory)
- 1974 - Antoine Sibierski, French footballer
- 1975 - Kajol Mukherjee, Indian actress
- 1977 - Mark Mulder, baseball player
- 1979 - David Healy, Northern Irish footballer
- 1980 - Wayne Bridge, English footballer
- 1981 - Carl Crawford, baseball player
- 1981 - Kō Shibasaki, Japanese singer and actress
Deaths
- 882 - King Louis III of France (b. 863)
- 1063 - Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, Welsh prince
- 1364 - Emperor Kogon of Japan (b. 1313)
- 1572 - Isaac Luria, Palestinian-born Kabbalist (b. 1534)
- 1579 - Stanislaus Hosius, Polish Catholic cardinal (b. 1504)
- 1633 - Archbishop George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1562)
- 1678 - Juan García de Zéspedes, Mexican musician and composer (b. 1619)
- 1743 - John Hervey, Lord Hervey, English statesman and writer (b. 1696)
- 1778 - Charles Clémencet, French historian (b. 1703)
- 1799 - Richard Howe, British admiral (b. 1726)
- 1868 - Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes, French archaelogist (b. 1788)
- 1880 - Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra, Austrian physician (b. 1816)
- 1895 - Friedrich Engels, German philosopher (b. 1820)
- 1923 - Vatroslav Jagic, Croatian slavist (b. 1835)
- 1929 - Millicent Fawcett, British suffragist and feminist (b. 1847)
- 1955 - Carmen Miranda, Portuguese actress and singer (b. 1909)
- 1957 - Heinrich Otto Wieland, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
- 1959 - Edgar Guest, English poet (b. 1881)
- 1960 - Arthur Meighen, ninth Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
- 1962 - Marilyn Monroe, American actress (b. 1926)
- 1984 - Richard Burton, British actor (b. 1925)
- 1991 - Paul Brown, American football coach (b. 1908)
- 2000 - Sir Alec Guinness, British actor (b. 1914)
- 2002 - Josh Ryan Evans, actor (b. 1982)
- 2002 - Chick Hearn, American basketball announcer (b. 1916)
- 2005 - Polina Astakhova, Russian gymnast (b. 1936)
- 2005 - Jim O'Hora, American football coach (b. 1915)
- 2005 - Raul Roco, Philippine senator (b. 1941)
Holidays and observances
- Burkina Faso - Independence Day
- Croatia - Victory Day and National Thanksgiving Day
External links
August 4 - August 6 - July 5 - September 5 -- listing of all days