List of Solar System probes

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This is a list of planetary probes, including solar probes and probes to asteroids and comets. It includes past, current, and future probes as well as failed and cancelled missions.

For a list of landers only, see Landings on other planets.

Key

The list is organized as follows:

  • Spacecraft – name of the spacecraft
  • † means tentatively identified, as classified by NASA [1]. These are Cold War-era Soviet missions, mostly failures, about which few or no details have been officially released. The data given may be speculative.
  • Organization – primary agency/agencies
  • Date – date of closest encounter (flybys, impactors), orbital insertion to end of mission (orbiters), landing to end of mission (landers), launch (launch failures)
  • Type – type of mission
  • flyby – the spacecraft is to fly past its target
  • orbiter – the spacecraft is to study the target from orbit
  • solar monitor – solar missions, usually located in a halo orbit at the L1 point
  • lander – the spacecraft is to study the target on its surface
  • impactor – the spacecraft is to study the target until it hits the target and is destroyed
  • penetrator – the spacecraft is to penetrate the surface of the target
  • atmospheric probe/balloon – the spacecraft is to study the atmosphere of the target
  • sample return – the spacecraft is to return samples to the Earth
  • Status – current status or the outcome of the mission
  • success – the mission has fulfilled its primary goals
  • partial success – the spacecraft did send some data but did not fulfil its goals
  • failure – no or very little data returned
  • cancelled – the mission has been cancelled (usually due to budget cuts)
  • under study – the mission is being studied (not yet approved)
  • to be launched – the spacecraft has not yet been launched (may be still under construction)
  • yet to arrive – the spacecraft is on the way to the target
  • in orbit – the spacecraft is in orbit but has not yet completed its primary mission
  • operational – the spacecraft has reached the target but has not yet completed its primary mission
  • Notes – special notes, reasons for failure etc.
  • Image – if available
  • Ref – references

Solar probes

This list excludes Earth-orbiting observatories.

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Pioneer 5 NASA/DOD 1960 solar monitor success File:Pioneer 5.jpg
Pioneer 6 NASA 1965 solar monitor success
Pioneer 7 NASA 1966 solar monitor success
Pioneer 8 NASA 1967 solar monitor success
Pioneer 9 NASA 1968 solar monitor success
Helios 1 NASA/BWF 1974 solar monitor success
Helios 2 NASA/BWF 1976 solar monitor success
Ulysses ESA/NASA 1994 orbiter success south polar observations
1995 north polar observations
WIND NASA launched November 1994 solar monitor success solar wind measurements [2]
SOHO ESA/NASA 1995 solar monitor success still active File:SOHO instruments pnggray 300.png
ACE NASA launched August 1997 solar monitor success solar wind observations [3]
Ulysses ESA/NASA 2000 orbiter success south polar observations
2001 north polar observations
Genesis NASA 2001–2004 sample return partial success crash landed upon reentry
STEREO A NASA 2006 solar monitor launched
STEREO B NASA 2006 solar monitor launched
Ulysses ESA/USA 2007 orbiter success south polar observations
2008 yet to arrive north polar observations
Solar Orbiter ESA 2015 orbiter planned
Solar Probe NASA orbiter under study close-range coronal observations [4]

Mercury probes

Main article: Exploration of Mercury
Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Mariner 10 NASA March 29, 1974 flyby success minimum distance 704 km [5]
September 21, 1974 48,069 km
March 16, 1975 327 km
MESSENGER NASA 15 January, 2008 flyby yet to arrive minimum distance 200 km [6]
October 6, 2008 flyby
30 September, 2009 flyby
18 March, 2011 –
March, 2012 		orbiter
BepiColombo ESA/JAXA 2019 File:Bepicolumbo.jpg
   Mercury Planetary Orbiter ESA orbiter under construction
Mercury Magnetospheric
Orbiter 		JAXA orbiter under construction
Mercury Surface Element ESA lander cancelled

Venus probes

Main article: Exploration of Venus
Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Venera 1 (USSR) May 19, 1961 –
May 20, 1961 		flyby failure contact lost 7 days after launch; first spacecraft to fly by another planet [7]
Mariner 1 NASA 1962 flyby failure
Mariner 2 NASA December 14, 1962 flyby success first successful Venus flyby; minimum distance 34,773 km [8]
Venera 1964A† (USSR) February 19, 1964 flyby failure failed to reach Earth orbit [9]
Venera 1964B† (USSR) March 1, 1964 flyby failure failed to reach Earth orbit [10]
Zond 1 (USSR) 1964 flyby failure File:Zond 1.jpg
Venera 1965A† (USSR) November 26, 1965 flyby failure launch vehicle failure? [11]
Venera 2 (USSR) February 27, 1966 flyby failure ceased to operate [12]
Venera 3 (USSR) March 1, 1966 lander failure contact lost before arrival; first spacecraft to impact on the surface of another planet [13]
Venera 4 (USSR) October 18, 1967 atmospheric probe success [14]
Mariner 5 NASA October 19, 1967 flyby success minimum distance 5,000 km [15]
Venera 5 (USSR) May 16, 1969 atmospheric probe success [16]
Venera 6 (USSR) May 17, 1969 atmospheric probe success [17]
Venera 7 (USSR) December 15, 1970 lander success first successful landing on another planet File:Venera 7 capsule.jpg [18]
Venera 8 (USSR) July 22, 1972 lander success File:Venera 8.jpg [19]
Mariner 10 NASA February 5, 1974 flyby success minimum distance 5768 km; first gravity assist [20]
Venera 9 (USSR) 1975 orbiter success File:Venera 9 orbiter.jpg [21]
October 22, 1975 lander success first images from the surface File:Venera 9 lander.jpg [22]
Venera 10 (USSR) 1975 orbiter success File:Venera 10 orbiter.jpg [23]
October 23, 1975 lander success [24]
Venera 11 SAS
   flight platform December 25, 1978 flyby success minimum distance 34,000 km
descent craft December 25, 1978 lander partial success File:Venera 11 lander.jpg [25]
Venera 12 SAS
flight platform December 21, 1978 flyby success minimum distance 34,000 km [26]
descent craft December 21, 1978 lander partial success File:Venera 11 lander.jpg [27]
Pioneer Venus Orbiter NASA December 4, 1978 –
1992 		orbiter success [28]
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe NASA 1978
Bus
Large Probe atmospheric probe success File:Largevenusprobe.gif
North Probe atmospheric probe success
Day Probe atmospheric probe success survived the impact
Night Probe atmospheric probe success
Venera 13 SAS
bus 1982 flyby success File:Venera 13 orbiter.gif [29]
descent craft March 1, 1982 lander success File:Venera 13 lander.gif [30]
Venera 14 SAS
bus 1982 flyby success File:Venera 13 orbiter.gif [31]
descent craft March 5, 1982 lander success File:Venera 13 lander.gif [32]
Venera 15 SAS 1983–1984 orbiter success radar mapping File:Venera 15.gif [33]
Venera 16 SAS 1983–1984 orbiter success radar mapping File:Venera 15.gif [34]
Vega 1 SAS 1985 flyby success File:Vega 1-2.jpg
lander failure File:Vega lander.jpg
atmospheric balloon success
Vega 2 SAS 1985 flyby success File:Vega 1-2.jpg
lander success File:Vega lander.jpg
atmospheric balloon success
Galileo NASA February 10, 1990 flyby success minimum distance 16,000 km File:Galileo preparations.jpg [35]
Magellan NASA August 10, 1990 
October 12, 1994 		orbiter success global radar mapping [36]
Cassini NASA/ESA/
ASI 		April 26, 1998 flyby success [37]
June 24, 1999
Venus Express ESA 2006 orbiter in orbit atmospheric studies File:40-Radiated EMC Tests H.jpg
MESSENGER NASA October 24, 2006 flyby success gravity assist only; minimum distance 2990 km [38]
June 6, 2007 yet to arrive minimum distance 300 km
PLANET-C JAXA 2010 orbiter planned
Venera-D RFSA 2013 orbiter planned
Venus In-Situ Explorer NASA 2013 in-situ explorer planned
Venus Surface Explorer NASA 2013 in-situ explorer planned File:VSE 2013.jpg

Earth flybys

See also: Timeline of Earth science satellites
Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Giotto ESA July 2, 1990 flyby success first Earth flyby File:Giotto illustration (large).jpg [39]
Galileo NASA October 8, 1990 flyby success minimum distance 960 km File:Galileo preparations.jpg [40]
Sakigake ISAS January 8, 1992 flyby [41]
Suisei ISAS August 20, 1992 flyby failure hydrazine depleted [42]
Galileo NASA December 8, 1992 flyby success minimum distance 305 km File:Galileo preparations.jpg [43]
Sakigake ISAS June 14, 1993 flyby [44]
October 28, 1994 flyby
NEAR Shoemaker NASA 1998 flyby success
Cassini NASA/ESA/
ASI 		1999 flyby success
Giotto ESA July 1, 1999 flyby n/a already defunct File:Giotto illustration (large).jpg [45]
Hayabusa ISAS 2004 flyby success
Rosetta ESA 2005 flyby success
MESSENGER NASA 2005 flyby success
Stardust NASA 2006 flyby success sample return File:Sc-fem-stardust.jpg
Rosetta ESA 2007 flyby yet to arrive

Lunar probes

Main article: Exploration of the Moon
Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Pioneer 0 NASA 1958 orbiter failure launch vehicle failure [46]
Pioneer 1 NASA/DOD 1958 orbiter failure third stage partial failure [47]
Pioneer 2 NASA/STL 1958 orbiter failure third stage failure [48]
Pioneer 3 NASA/DOD 1958 flyby failure launch vehicle failure [49]
Luna 1958A† Soviet Union 1958 impactor failure launch vehicle failure [50]
Luna 1958B† Soviet Union 1958 impactor failure launch vehicle failure [51]
Luna 1958C† Soviet Union 1958 impactor failure launch vehicle failure [52]
Pioneer P-3 NASA 1959 orbiter failure
Luna 1 Soviet Union January 3, 1959 flyby success first spacecraft in the vicinity of the Moon
Luna 1959A† Soviet Union 1959 impactor failure
Pioneer 4 NASA/DOD March 4, 1959 flyby partial success first US probe in solar orbit
Luna 2 Soviet Union September 14, 1959 impactor success first contact with the Moon
Luna 3 Soviet Union October 6, 1959 flyby success first images from the lunar farside File:Luna 3 flyby probe.jpg
Luna 1960A† Soviet Union April 15, 1960 failure failed to attain correct trajectory [53]
Luna 1960B† Soviet Union April 16, 1960 failure launch vehicle failure [54]
Ranger 3 USA January 28, 1962 impactor failure mised target
Ranger 4 USA April 26, 1962 impactor failure hit the lunar farside
Ranger 5 USA October 21, 1962 impactor partial failure power failure, missed target File:1964 71395L.jpg
Luna 1963B† Soviet Union February 2, 1963 lander? failure failed to reach Earth orbit [55]
Luna 4 Soviet Union April 5, 1963 lander partial failure missed target, became satellite File:USSR Luna lander bus.jpg
Ranger 6 USA 2 February, 1964 impactor failure impact, no data due to power failure
Luna 1964A† Soviet Union March 21, 1964 lander failure failed to reach Earth orbit [56]
Luna 1964B† Soviet Union April 20, 1964 lander failure failed to reach Earth orbit [57]
Zond 1964A† Soviet Union June 4, 1964 flyby failure failed to reach Earth orbit [58]
Ranger 7 USA July 31, 1964 impactor success
Ranger 8 USA February 20, 1965 impactor success
Ranger 9 USA March 24, 1965 impactor success
Luna 1965A† Soviet Union April 10, 1965 lander? failure failed to reach Earth orbit? [59]
Zond 3 Soviet Union July 20, 1965 flyby success File:Zond 3.jpg
Luna 9 Soviet Union February 3, 1966 –
February 6, 1966 		lander success first images from the surface of Moon File:Luna 9 landing capsule.jpg
Luna 10 Soviet Union April 3, 1966 –
May 30, 1966 		orbiter success File:Luna orbiter bus.jpg
Luna 1966A† Soviet Union April 30, 1966 orbiter? failure failed to reach Earth orbit [60]
Surveyor 1 USA 1966 lander success
Luna 11 Soviet Union 1966 orbiter success File:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg
Surveyor 2 USA 1966 lander failure crashed
Luna 12 Soviet Union 1966–67 orbiter success File:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg
Luna 13 Soviet Union 1966 lander success File:Luna 13.jpg
Lunar Orbiter 1 USA 1966 orbiter success
Lunar Orbiter 2 USA 1966–67 orbiter success
Explorer 35 USA 1967–73 orbiter success
Lunar Orbiter 3 USA 1967 orbiter success
Lunar Orbiter 4 USA 1967 orbiter success
Lunar Orbiter 5 USA 1967–68 orbiter success
Surveyor 3 USA 1967 lander success
Surveyor 4 USA 1967 lander failure crashed
Surveyor 5 USA 1967 lander success
Surveyor 6 USA 1967 lander success
Surveyor 7 USA 1968 lander success
Luna 1968A† Soviet Union February 7, 1968 orbiter? failure failed to reach Earth orbit [61]
Luna 14 Soviet Union 1968 orbiter success File:Luna orbiter photo bus.jpg
Zond 5 Soviet Union 1968 flyby success
Zond 6 Soviet Union 1968 flyby success
Zond 1969A† Soviet Union January 20, 1969 flyby failure launch aborted [62]
Luna 1969A† Soviet Union February 19, 1969 rover failure launch vehicle failure [63]
Zond L1S-1† Soviet Union February 21, 1969 orbiter failure launch vehicle failure [64]
Luna 1969B† Soviet Union April 15, 1969 sample return? failure launch failure [65]
Luna 1969C† Soviet Union June 14, 1969 sample return failure launch failure [66]
Zond L1S-2† Soviet Union July 3, 1969 orbiter failure launch failure [67]
Zond 7 Soviet Union 1969 flyby success
Luna 1970A† Soviet Union February 6, 1970 sample return? failure launch vehicle failure [68]
Luna 1970B† Soviet Union February 19, 1970 orbiter? failure launch vehicle failure [69]
Luna 16 Soviet Union 1970 sample return success File:Luna-16.jpg
Luna 17 Soviet Union 1970 lander success File:Lunakod landing bus.jpg
   Lunokhod 1 Soviet Union 1970–71 rover success File:Lunokhod 1.jpg
Zond 8 Soviet Union 1970 flyby success
Luna 19 Soviet Union 1971–72 orbiter success File:Luna-22.jpg
Luna 20 Soviet Union 1972 lander success File:Luna-16.jpg
Soyuz L3† Soviet Union November 23, 1972 orbiter failure launch failure [70]
Luna 21 Soviet Union 1973 lander success File:Lunakod landing bus.jpg
Lunokhod 2 Soviet Union 1973 rover success File:Lunokhod2.jpg
Explorer 49 NASA June 10, 1973 (launch) orbiter success though placed in lunar orbit, performed radio astronomy research, not lunar observations [71]
Mariner 10 USA 1973 flyby success [72]
Luna 22 Soviet Union 1974–75 orbiter success File:Luna-22.jpg
Luna 1975A† Soviet Union October 16, 1975 sample return failure failed to reach Earth orbit [73]
Luna 24 Soviet Union 1976 lander success File:Luna24.jpg
Hiten Japan 1990–93 orbiter success
Hagoromo Japan 1990 orbiter failure
Clementine USA 1994 orbiter success
Lunar Prospector USA 1998–99 orbiter success
SMART-1 ESA 2003–06 orbiter success File:Smart28261.jpg
Chandrayaan I ISRO 2007 orbiter planned File:Chandrayaan1 as updated.jpg
impactor
Chang'e 1 CNSA 2007 orbiter under study File:Chang e 1.JPG
SELENE Japan 2007 orbiter to be launched File:SELENE.jpg
lander
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter USA 2008 orbiter planned
LCROSS USA 2008 impactor planned
LUNAR-A Japan orbiter, penetrators cancelled

Mars probes

Main article: Exploration of Mars
Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Mars 1960A Soviet Union 1960 failure
Mars 1960B Soviet Union 1960 failure
Mars 1962A Soviet Union 1962 flyby failure
Mars 1 Soviet Union 1962 flyby failure
Mars 1962B Soviet Union 1962 lander failure
Mariner 3 USA 1964 flyby failure
Zond 2 Soviet Union 1964 flyby failure
Mariner 4 USA 1964 flyby success first close-up images of Mars
Mariner 6 USA 1969 flyby success File:Mariner 67.gif
Mariner 7 USA 1969 flyby success File:Mariner 67.gif
Mariner 8 USA 1971 orbiter failure
Mariner 9 USA 1971 orbiter success
Mars 2 Soviet Union 1971 orbiter partial success
Mars 2 Lander Soviet Union 1971 lander failure
Mars 3 Soviet Union 1971 partial failure orbiter File:Mars 3.gif
Mars 3 Lander Soviet Union 1971 failure lander
Cosmos 419 Soviet Union 1971 failure
Mars 4 Soviet Union 1973 failure orbiter
Mars 5 Soviet Union 1973 success orbiter
Mars 6 Soviet Union 1973 success flyby
Mars 6 Lander Soviet Union 1973 failure lander
Mars 7 Soviet Union 1973 success flyby
Mars 7 Lander Soviet Union 1973 lander failure
Viking 1 Orbiter USA 1976–80 orbiter success
Viking 1 Lander USA 1976–82 lander success first images from surface
Viking 2 Orbiter USA 1976–78 orbiter success
Viking 2 Lander USA 1976–80 lander success
Phobos 1 Soviet Union 1988 orbiter failure File:Fobos.jpg
Phobos 2 Soviet Union 1988 orbiter partial success File:Fobos.jpg
Mars Observer USA 1992 orbiter failure
Mars 96 Russia 1997 orbiter failure File:Mars 96 Orbiter.jpg
    Russia 1997 lander failure
Russia 1997 lander failure
Russia 1997 penetrator failure
Russia 1997 penetrator failure
Mars Pathfinder USA 1997 lander success
    Sojourner USA 1997 rover success
Mars Global Surveyor USA 1997–2006 orbiter success
Mars Climate Orbiter USA 1998 orbiter failure
Mars Polar Lander USA 1998 lander failure
Deep Space 2 "Amundsen" USA 1998 penetrator failure
Deep Space 2 "Scott" USA 1998 penetrator failure
2001 Mars Odyssey USA 2001– orbiter success still active
Mars Surveyor 2001 Lander USA 2001 lander cancelled
Nozomi Japan 2003 orbiter failure File:Nozomi.gif
Mars Express ESA 2004– orbiter success still active File:Mars Express X orbit 2a-new22.jpg
Beagle 2 UK 2004 lander failure File:Beagle2ontheground.jpg
MER-A "Spirit" USA 2004– rover success still active
MER-B "Opportunity" USA 2004– rover success still active
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter USA 2006– orbiter in orbit
Rosetta ESA 2007 flyby success
Phoenix USA 2008 lander under construction File:Lander small.jpg
Dawn USA 2009 flyby under construction
Mars Telecommunications Orbiter USA 2010 orbiter cancelled
Mars Science Laboratory USA 2010 rover under construction
ExoMars ESA 2013 rover planned File:ExoMars rover0885.jpg

Phobos probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Phobos 1 Soviet Union 1988 lander failure lost en route to Mars File:Fobos.jpg
Phobos 2 Soviet Union 1988 lander failure lost in orbit File:Fobos.jpg
Aladdin USA sample return not selected
Phobos-Grunt Russia 2009 sample return planned

Jupiter probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Pioneer 10 USA 1973 flyby success
Pioneer 11 USA 1974 flyby success
Voyager 1 USA 1979 flyby success
Voyager 2 USA 1979 flyby success
Ulysses ESA/USA 1992 flyby success
Galileo Orbiter NASA December 7, 1995 –
September 21, 2003 		orbiter success File:Galileo preparations.jpg
   Galileo Probe NASA December 7, 1995 atmospheric probe success [74]
Cassini USA 2000–01 flyby success
Ulysses ESA/USA 2003–04 distant flyby success
New Horizons USA 2007 flyby success File:New horizons Pluto.jpg
Juno USA 2010 orbiter under study

Europa probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Europa Orbiter USA orbiter cancelled File:JEO at Europa.jpg
Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter USA orbiter cancelled

Ganymede probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter USA orbiter cancelled

Callisto probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter USA orbiter cancelled

Saturn probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Pioneer 11 USA 1979 flyby success
Voyager 1 USA 1980 flyby success
Voyager 2 USA 1981 flyby success
Cassini USA 2004–08 orbiter in orbit primary mission

Titan probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Huygens ESA January 14, 2005 atmospheric probe, lander success first probe to land on a satellite of another planet File:Huygensprobe.jpg

Uranus probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Voyager 2 USA 1986 flyby success

Neptune probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Voyager 2 USA 1989 flyby success
Neptune Orbiter USA orbiter under study File:NeptuneOrbiter.jpg

Dwarf planet probes

Ceres probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Dawn USA 2015 orbiter to be launched

Pluto probes

Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
Pluto Fast Flyby NASA 2010 flyby cancelled
Pluto Kuiper
Express 		NASA 2012 flyby cancelled
New Horizons NASA 2015 flyby yet to arrive File:New horizons Pluto.jpg

Asteroid probes

Target Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
951 Gaspra Galileo NASA October 29, 1991 flyby success minimum distance 1900 km File:Galileo preparations.jpg [75]
243 Ida Galileo NASA August 28, 1993 flyby success minimum distance 2400 km; discovery of the first asteroid satellite Dactyl File:Galileo preparations.jpg [76]
1620 Geographos Clementine BMDO/NASA 1994 flyby failure flyby cancelled due to equipment malfunction
253 Mathilde NEAR Shoemaker NASA 1997 flyby success
433 Eros NEAR Shoemaker NASA 1999 orbiter failure became flyby
9969 Braille Deep Space 1 NASA 1999 flyby partial success no close-up images due to camera pointing error
2685 Masursky Cassini NASA/ESA/ASI 2000 distant flyby success
433 Eros NEAR Shoemaker NASA 2000–01 orbiter success
2001 lander success improvised landing
5535 Annefrank Stardust NASA 2002 distant flyby success File:Sc-fem-stardust.jpg
25143 Itokawa Hayabusa ISAS 2005–07 sample return arrived
    MINERVA ISAS 2005 hopper failure missed target
3840 Mimistrobell Rosetta ESA 2006 flyby cancelled rerouted
4979 Otawara Rosetta ESA 2006 flyby cancelled rerouted
132524 APL New Horizons NASA 2006 distant flyby success File:New horizons Pluto.jpg
2867 Šteins Rosetta NASA 2008 flyby yet to arrive
21 Lutetia Rosetta ESA 2010 flyby yet to arrive
4 Vesta Dawn NASA 2011 orbiter to be launched
4660 Nereus Hayabusa ISAS sample return cancelled rerouted to 25143 Itokawa
    SSV NASA rover cancelled
4660 Nereus Near Earth Asteroid Prospector SpaceDev sample return cancelled

Comet probes

Target Spacecraft Organization Date Type Status Notes Image Ref
21P/Giacobini-Zinner ISEE3/ICE USA 1985
1P/Halley Giotto ESA 1986 flyby success minimum distance 596 km File:Giotto illustration (large).jpg
1P/Halley Vega 1 Soviet Union 1986 flyby success 8,890 km File:Vega 1-2.jpg
1P/Halley Vega 2 Soviet Union 1986 flyby success 8,030 km File:Vega 1-2.jpg
1P/Halley Sakigake Japan 1986 distant flyby partial failure 6.99 million km
1P/Halley Suisei Japan 1986 flyby success 151,000 km
1P/Halley ISEE3/ICE USA 1986 distant observations success 32 million km
26P/Grigg-Skjellerup Giotto ESA 1992 flyby success File:Giotto illustration (large).jpg
21P/Giacobini-Zinner Sakigake Japan 1998 flyby failure
21P/Giacobini-Zinner Suisei Japan 1998 flyby failure
19P/Borrelly Deep Space 1 USA 2001 flyby success
2P/Encke CONTOUR USA 2003 flyby failure
81P/Wild Stardust USA 2004 flyby, sample return success File:Sc-fem-stardust.jpg
9P/Tempel Deep Impact USA 2005 flyby success
    Impactor USA 2005 impactor success
73P/Schwassmann-
Wachmann 		CONTOUR USA 2006 flyby failure
6P/d'Arrest CONTOUR USA 2008 flyby failure
85P/Boethin Deep Impact USA 2008 flyby under study
9P/Tempel Stardust USA 2010 flyby under study File:Sc-fem-stardust.jpg
46P/Wirtanen Rosetta ESA 2011 orbiter cancelled rerouted to 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
67P/Churyumov-
Gerasimenko 		Rosetta ESA 2014–15 orbiter yet to arrive
    Philae ESA 2014 lander yet to arrive

See also

References

Template:Spacecraftlist

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