List of metro systems
A metro system is a rapid transit train system. In some cases, metro systems are referred to as subways or undergrounds. The first metro system, the London Underground, was opened in 1863. As of 2009[update], there are approximately 140 metro systems in the world. The longest metro system in the world is the Shanghai Metro.[1]
Considerations
A metro system is defined as an urban, electric passenger transportation system with high capacity and high frequency of service, which is totally independent from other traffic, road or pedestrians.[2][3] The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail often have similar definitions.[4][5]
The dividing line between metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail and commuter rail, is not always clear. A common way to distinguish metro from light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic. And in contrast to commuter rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequency, typically not more than 10 minutes between trains during normal daytime service. Furthermore, most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is however not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead lines.
The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion. Some cities use metro as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded light rail that meet every criteria for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted for in the provided network data. Certain transit networks match the technical level and service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are commonly known or better described as regional or commuter rail. These are not included. Neither are monorail and funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transportation systems.
Legend
- Location
- Country, and primary city served by the metro system.
- Name
- The most common English name of the system.
- Opened
- The year the system was opened for commercial service with metro standard. Parts of the system may be older, as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network.
- Stations
- The number of stations in the network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one.
- Length
- The route length of the network in kilometers and miles.
List
This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2010) |
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
This list is sortable. Click on the icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order.
See also
- Total rapid transit systems statistics by country
- Metro systems by annual passenger rides
- List of North American rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of suburban and commuter rail systems
- List of light-rail transit systems
- List of airport people mover systems
- List of bus rapid transit systems
- List of town tramway systems
- List of trolleybus systems
- List of articulated bus systems
- List of monorail systems
- List of funicular railways
- List of rail transit systems in the United States
- List of United States light rail systems by ridership
- List of driverless trains
Notes
- ^ Trial operation since 1969. Fully operational and open to public since 1981.
- ^ Excludes Shanghai Maglev line
- ^ Paris Metro network had 297 stations and was 211.3 km long in 2004. In 2007, the network was extended with 1 station and 1.6 kilometers.
"Les Transports en commun [[:Template:Fr icon]]" (PDF). Syndicat des Transports d'Ile-de-France. Retrieved 2008-02-24.{{cite web}}
: URL–wikilink conflict (help)[dead link]
"Paris: new section of Metro Line 14 opened". Infrasite.net. 2007-07-02. Retrieved 2008-02-24. - ^ The green line, operated by Athens-Piraeus Electric Railway, was opened in 1869 as a steam train railway line. It was electrified in 1904, extended with underground sections through the city in the 1950's, and extended to its full length in 1957. Full metro operation since 1904 or 1957 according to UrbanRail.net.
"Information on Line 1 - Technical Data". ISAP. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
- ^
The blue line also has a 21.2 km part (with 4 stations) to the airport that is owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and is mainly used by the suburban railway system.
"Operation". Attiko Metro S.A. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Schwandl, Robert. "Athens Metro". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-12-28. - ^ Currently, line 1, 2 and 6 are rapid transit. Additional suburban lines will be upgraded to rapid transit standard.
Schwandl, Robert. "Napoli". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-23. - ^ Parts of Line 1 and Line 3 overlap with conventional railways that were built before 1974.
- ^ There are 147 stations on the network map, counting transfer stations as one. The sum of number of stations for all lines is 175.
- ^ Line 50, 53, and 54 are rapid transit. Numbers exclude light rail line 51.
- ^ Opening year (1935), network length (298.8 km) and number of stations (180), are according to official webpage. Corrsesponding page in Russian states 177 stations. When counting transfer stations only once using the metro map, the number is 142 (excluding monorail line, but including light metro line).
"Moscow Metro". Moscow Metro. Retrieved 2008-09-29.
"Moscow Metro Map". Moscow Metro. Retrieved 2008-09-29. - ^ The Lausanne Metro has two lines. Line 1 is light rail, line 2 is rapid transit. Stats are for line 2 only.
- ^ The Red, Orange, and Blue lines of the subway are rapid transit. The originally-elevated Orange Line opened in 1901, sharing the Tremont Street Subway that opened in 1897 as an underground tram tunnel.
- ^ Red and Purple lines.
- ^ First regular elevated railway service began in 1870. The first section of subway opened in 1904. According to official statistics, the subway has 468 stations. With transfer stations counted as one, the number is 422 (according to system map and article in the New York Post; not including one temporarily closed station counted as part of the 468).
"New York City Transit - History and Chronology". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
"New York City Transit - Subway and Bus Ridership Statistics 2008". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2010-01-04.
"MTA New York City Transit - 2006 Preliminary Budget" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
Jeremy Olshan (2006-08-21). "Lone riders of the Rockaways". New York Post. Retrieved 2008-03-24. - ^ Broad Street Line and Market–Frankford Line
References
- ^ "Shanghai now the world's longest metro". 4 May 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ^ "Metro". International Association of Public Transport. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert (2007). "What is a metro?". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
- ^ "Glossary of Transit Terminology". American Public Transportation Association. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ^ "The demand for public transport: a practical guide" (PDF). Transport Research Laboratory. p. 6. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
- ^ "Wein". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
- ^ "The Montreal métro: a source of pride" (PDF). 2002. pp. 10, 11. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
- ^ "TTC - Subway/RT". Retrieved 31 January 2010.
- ^ "Plan your journey" (in Spanish). Santiago Metro. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Track length and stations
- ^ "Santiago Metro: History". Santiago Metro. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Opening year
- ^ "Beijing Subway". Explore Beijing "Subwaypedia". Retrieved 20 February 2010.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Dalian". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
- ^ "Guangzhou Metro". ExploreGuangzhou's "Metropedia". Retrieved 20 March 2010.
- ^ "Train Services". MTR Corporation. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
- ^ "Preferred travel network extending in all directions so that the public life of Shanghai Metro subway is more convenient" (in Chinese). Shanghai Metro. 10 April 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
- ^ "City's latest subway hits tracks tomorrow". Shanghai Daily. 9 April 2010. Retrieved 10 April 2010.
- ^ Rohde, Mike. "Cairo". Metro Bits. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^ "Le Metropolitain, RER and Bus - A bit of history". Paris.org. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
- ^ "The Berlin metro (U-Bahn)". Means of Transport & Routes. BVG. Retrieved 2008-02-24.
- ^ Megha Suri Singh (2009-11-13). "Metro steps out". Times of India.
- ^ "Tehran Metro". Retrieved 20 February 2010.
- ^ "Datos de operacion [[:Template:Es icon]]". Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
{{cite web}}
: URL–wikilink conflict (help) Template:Es icon - ^ "World Metro List - Amsterdam". metro bits. 2008-01-10. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "General Data: Network Expansion". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Station count and track length
- ^ "A brief history". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Opening year
- ^ "Kazan Subway". Retrieved 2008-06-12.
- ^ "Singapore MRT". Explore Singapore's "MRTpedia". Retrieved 18 April 2010.
- ^ "Barcelona Metro". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
- ^ "Metro de Madrid in figures". Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ "SL Annual Report 2007" (PDF). Storstockholms Lokaltrafik. 2008-06-27. p. 29. Retrieved 2008-09-10.
- ^ "Metro m2" (PDF). Transports publics de la région lausannoise. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
- ^ "Operating System". Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited. Retrieved 2008-11-20.
- ^ "About metro". Dubai Metro. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
- ^ "Merseyrail History". Railsaver. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
- ^ "Key facts". London Underground. Transport for London. Retrieved 2008-02-24.
- ^ "Docklands Light Railway: History". Transport for London. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Boston T". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
- ^ "About the T - Financials - Appendix: Statistical Profile" (PDF). MBTA. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
- ^ "Our Services". CTA. Retrieved 19 April 2010. stations only
- ^ "Chicago". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 19 April 2010. route length only}}
- ^ "Facts at a Glance". Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2008-03-25.
- ^ "New York Subway: Facts and Figures". MTA - New York. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
- ^ "New York City Subway and PATH". UrbanRail. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
- ^ "New York City: PATH". UrbanRail. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
- ^ "BART System Facts". San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. Retrieved 2008-04-23.
General References
- Rohde, Mike. "World Metro List". Metro Bits.
- Schwandl, Robert. "UrbanRail.Net".
- Taplin, Michael. "World System List of LRT, Tramways and Metros". Light Rail Transit Association.
Further reading
- Garbutt, Paul. World Metro Systems. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-191-0.
- W Hinkel, K Treiber, G Valenta and H Liebsch. Underground Railways Yesterday - Today - Tomorrow. Schmid Verlag. ISBN 3-900607-44-3.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Ovenden, Mark. Metro Maps Of The World. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-288-7.
- Fischler, Stan. Subways Of The World. MBI. ISBN 0-7603-0752-0.
External links
- Top 11 Transit Systems of the World
- The World's 7 Greatest Subway Systems
- Light Rail and Metro Systems in Europe European Rail Research Advisory Council
- 2008 Public Transportation Fact Book American Public Transportation Association
- Metro List at CityRailTransit.com website
- Openstreetmap subway project