Talk:Paleolithic diet
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Issues raised during FAR which need to be fixed
- Where appropriate, add references listed on talk page to the article.
- Ensure that all references are reliable and meet the standards outlined at WP:MEDRS.
- Ensure that all scientifically disputable claims about the features of ancestral paleolithic diets are clearly indicated as reflecting the views of Paleolithic diet proponents. Find appropriate (non-OR) sources to balance these statements.
- Briefly explain how the diet is said to help prevent osteoprosis in the "Sodium-potassium ratio and acid-base balance" subsection: The rationale is that metabolic acidosis is reduced by the paleo diet, which decreases calcium excretion. Also note that the researchers suggest a more practical solution than the paleo diet for reducing the acid load in those at risk of osteoporosis: potassium bicarbonate (NEJM paper).
- Consider renaming the article to make it clearer that it's about a modern dietary regimen, not the actual ancestral dietary practices. Possible name: "Paleolithic type diet"[1]
- Verify this reference[2] to determine whether it refers to the Paleolithic diet regimen. Rewrite critique regarding the antiquity of cereal grain processing in accordance with this source[3] per this discussion at WP:NORN.
- Discuss health benefits of whole grains and other restricted foods and the relative absence of "diseases of civilization" in certain populations subsisting on such foods, in the "Nutritional factors and health effects" section, using this source:[4]
- Discuss recent study[1] in "Intervention studies" section.
- Create subheadings where appropriate so that criticism is easy to find, without using such titles as "criticism" and "controversy", as per WP:STRUCTURE.
- Create a subsection on "calcium and vitamin D" in the "micronutrient density" section to discuss these shortcomings. Use the following sources:[5][6]
- Addressing these questions would help frame the article's subject in a broader context:
- What percentage of the population, and in what countries, eats this way?
- Among which age ranges, socio-economic statusses and cultural environments is it popular?
- Is this a fringe diet, or is it gaining significant popularity?
References
- ^ a b Frassetto LA, Schloetter M, Mietus-Synder M, Morris RC Jr, Sebastian A. (February 11, 2009 [Epub ahead of print]). "Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter-gatherer type diet". European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.4. PMID 19209185.
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: Check date values in:|date=
(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Murphy, D (2007). People, Plants and Genes: The Story of Crops and Humanity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- ^
Aranguren, B (2007). "Grinding flour in Upper Palaeolithic Europe (25 000 years bp)" (PDF). Antiquity. 81: 845–855.
{{cite journal}}
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ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ Elton, S. (2008). "Environments, adaptations and evolutionary medicine: Should we be eating a 'stone age' diet?". In O’Higgins, P. & Elton, S. (ed.). Medicine and Evolution: Current Applications, Future Prospects. London: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 1420051342.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) - ^
Cordain, Loren (Summer 2002). "The nutritional characteristics of a contemporary diet based upon Paleolithic food groups" (PDF). Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association. 5 (5): 15–24.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: year (link) - ^ Davidson, Helen. “Maker’s Diet. The Gale Encyclopedia of Diets: A Guide to Health and Nutrition. Thomas Gale, 2008. ISBN 1414429916
More sources
Add the following citations to the body of the article where appropriate:
2000
- di Costanzo, Jacques (March 2000). "Paleolithic nutrition: a model for the future?". Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 3 (2): 87–92. doi:10.1016/S0985-0562(01)00058-9.
- Mann, Neil (2000). "Dietary lean red meat and human evolution". European Journal of Nutrition. 39 (2): 71–9. doi:10.1007/s003940050005. PMID 10918988.
{{cite journal}}
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ignored (help)
2001
- Danziger, Robert S. (July 2001). "Hypertension in an Anthropological and Evolutionary Paradigm". Hypertension. 38 (1): 19–22. PMID 11463754.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|day=
ignored (help); Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help) - Lev-Ran, Arye (October 23, 2001). "Human obesity: an evolutionary approach to understanding our bulging waistline". Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. 17 (5): 347–362. doi:10.1002/dmrr.230. PMID 11747140.
2002
2003
- Lieberman, Leslie Sue (July 2003). "Dietary, evolutionary, and modernizing influences on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes". Annual Review of Nutrition. 23: 345–377. doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073212. PMID 12651966.
- Milton K (2003). "Micronutrient intakes of non-human primates: are humans different?" (PDF). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A. 136: 47–59. doi:10.1016/S1095-6433(03)00084-9. PMID 14527629.
2004
- Armelagos, George (April 8, 2004). "Evolutionists and creationists at the dinner table" (PDF). Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews. 13 (2): 53–55. doi:10.1002/evan.10129.
- Manninen, Anssi H. (2004). "High-Protein Weight Loss Diets and Purported Adverse Effects: Where is the Evidence?". Sports Nutrition Review Journal. 1 (1): 45–51. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-1-1-45.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
2005
- Lev-Ran, Arye; & Porta, Massimo (March 9, 2005). "Salt and hypertension: a phylogenetic perspective". Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews. 21 (2): 118–131. doi:10.1002/dmrr.539. PMID 15759281.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Lindeberg, Staffan (June 27 – July 10, 2005). "Paleolitisk kost och evolutionsmedicin: nyckel till västvärldens sjukdomar [Alt. title: Paleolithic diet and evolution medicine: the key to diseases of the western world]". Läkartidningen (in Swedish). 102 (26–27): 1976–78. PMID 16044751.
- Lindeberg, Staffan (June 27 – July 10, 2005). "Slutreplik: Paleolitisk kost handlar om hälsa inte om viktnedgång". Läkartidningen (in Swedish). 102 (26–27): 1982–83. PMID 16044752.
- Torgerson, Jarl S (June 27 – July 10, 2005). "Replik: Den paleolitiska kosten bör tas med en stor nypa salt [Alt. title: The paleolithic diet should be taken with a pinch of salt]". Läkartidningen (in Swedish). 102 (26–27): 1980–81. PMID 16044752.
2006
2007
- Houston, Mark C (July 2007). "Treatment of hypertension with nutraceuticals, vitamins, antioxidants and minerals". Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy. 5 (4): 681–691. doi:10.1586/14779072.5.4.681. PMID 17605647.
- Katz, David L.; Yeh, Ming-Chin; O’Connell, Meghan; & Faridi, Zubaida (2007). "Diets, Health, and Weight Control: What Do We Know?". In L'Abate, Luciano (ed.). Low-Cost Approaches to Promote Physical and Mental Health. Springer New York. pp. 47–72. doi:10.1007/0-387-36899-X_2. ISBN 0387368981.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Weder, Alan B. (March 20, 2007). "Genetics and Hypertension". The Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich). 9 (3): 217–23. doi:10.1111/j.1524-6175.2007.06587.x. PMID 17341998.
- Young, J. Hunter (March 2007). "Evolution of blood pressure regulation in humans". Current Hypertension Reports. 9 (1): 13–8. doi:10.1007/s11906-007-0004-8. PMID 17362666.
2008
- Contaldo, Franco; & Auricchio, Salvatore (Septembre 2008). "Mankind adaptation and present human health". Internal and Emergency Medicine. 3 (3): 263–264. doi:10.1007/s11739-008-0171-x. PMID 18575819.
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(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Wild-type Food in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: The Columbus Concept. Humana Press. 2008. p. 574. ISBN 1588296687.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|editors=
ignored (|editor=
suggested) (help) - Hunter, Philip (May 2008). "We are what we eat. The link between diet, evolution and non-genetic inheritance". EMBO reports. 9 (5): 413–5. doi:10.1038/embor.2008.61. PMID 18451764.
- Mayer, Gert (July 2008). "An update on the relationship between the kidney, salt and hypertension". WMW Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift. 158 (13–14): 365–69. doi:10.1007/s10354-008-0559-2. PMID 18677586.
- Maziak, Wasim (December 17, 2008). "The triumph of the null hypothesis: epidemiology in an age of change". International Journal of Epidemiology. doi:10.1093/ije/dyn268. PMID 19091776.
- Pollard, Tessa M. (2008). Western Diseases: An Evolutionary Perspective. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521851807.
- Rutherford, Julienne N. (December 2, 2008 (Published Online)). "Book review: Evolutionary Medicine and Health: New Perspectives". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20968.
{{cite journal}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - Simopoulo, Artemis P. (June 2008). "The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases". Experimental Biology and Medicine. 233 (6): 674–88. doi:10.3181/0711-MR-311. PMID 18408140.
- Sondike, Stephen B.; Kay, George A.; & Emmett, Mary K. (2008). "Weight loss regimens that control for carbohydrate quality or quantity: a review". Pediatric Diabetes. 9 (3pt2): 33–45. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00312.x. PMID 18221423.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Swynghedauw, Bernard (2008). "Nothing in Medicine Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution: A Review". In Pontarotti, Pierre (ed.). Evolutionary Biology from Concept to Application. Springer. pp. 197–207. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-78993-2_12. ISBN 3540789928.
2009
- Baumgartner S, Imfeld T, Schicht O, Rath C, Persson RE, Persson GR (January 30, 2009). "The Impact of Stone Age Diet in the Absence of Oral Hygiene on Gingival Conditions". Journal of Periodontology.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Abstract - Hamid, Rabia; & Masood, Akbar (2009). "Dietary Lectins as Disease Causing Toxicants" (PDF). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 8 (3): 293–303.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Johnson RJ, Perez-Pozo SE, Sautin YY, Manitius J, Sanchez-Lozada LG, Feig DI, Shafiu M, Segal M, Glassock RJ, Shimada M, Roncal C, Nakagawa T. (February 2009). "Hypothesis: Could Excessive Fructose Intake and Uric Acid Cause Type 2 Diabetes?". Endocrine Reviews. 30 (1): 96–116. doi:10.1210/er.2008-0033. PMID 19151107.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Melnik, Bodo C. (June 2009). "Milk – The promoter of chronic Western diseases". Medical Hypotheses. 72 (6): 631–639. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.01.008. PMID 19232475.
- Spencer, Elsa H.; Ferdowsian, Hope R.; & Barnard, Neal D. (April 2009). "Diet and acne: a review of the evidence". International Journal of Dermatology. 48 (4): 339–347. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04002.x. PMID 19335417.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Yashodhara BM, Umakanth S, Pappachan JM, Bhat SK, Kamath R, Choo BH (February 2009). "Omega-3 fatty acids: a comprehensive review of their role in health and disease". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 85 (1000): 84–90. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2008.073338. PMID 19329703.
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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