Felipe Quispe
Felipe Quispe Huanca "Mallku" (Quechua language: "condor"[1]), (22 August 1942 - 19 January 2021) was a Bolivian historian and political leader. He headed the Pachakuti Indigenous Movement (MIP) and was general secretary of the United Union Confederation of Working Peasants of Bolivia (CSUTCB).[2]
Biography
Quispe founded the Tupak Katari Indian Movement in 1979 and the Tupak Katari Guerrilla Army in 1990. His honorific name, Mallku, refers to the spirit of the mountains that surround and protect the People, and therefore is the source of life. "Mallku" means "peak" both in geography and in hierarchy. [3]
Quispe was a staunch opponent of the neoliberal Washington consensus, and was also strongly against U.S.-led schemes toward coca eradication, which he sees as destroying a critical part of Aymara culture. He was involved heavily in the Bolivian Gas War.
Quispe ran a failed campaign in the 2005 presidential elections, which saw the victory of indigenous Evo Morales, leader of MAS (Movimiento al socialismo). Quispe was a vocal critic of Morales' government, characterising it as representing "neoliberalism with an Indian face".[4]
In 1984, he was one of the leading organisers of the Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army, a failed armed insurrection against the government. Quispe was arrested for his involvement in the movement on August 19, 1992. Quispe has worked for the establishment of an Tawantinsuyu republic — which would take the name "Collasuyu" — in the Aymara-majority regions of Bolivia.
Quispe died on 19 January 2021 in El Alto from cardiac arrest.[5]
References
Footnotes
- ^ Noam Chomsky, Lois Meyer, and Benjamin Maldonado Alvarado. New World of Indigenous Resistance. City Light Publishers. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-87286-533-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Teo Ballve and Vijay Prashad. Dispatches from Latin America. LeftWord Books. p. 158. ISBN 81-87496-58-4.
- ^ New world of indigenous resistance : Noam Chomsky and voices from North, South, and Central America. Meyer, Lois., Maldonado Alvarado, Benjamín. San Francisco: City Lights Books. 2010. ISBN 978-0-87286-533-4. OCLC 456178314.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Farthing & Kohl 2014, p. 148.
- ^ "Fallece Felipe Quispe, «El Mallku»". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 2021-01-20.
Sources
- Farthing, Linda C.; Kohl, Benjamin H. (2014). Evo's Bolivia: Continuity and Change. Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0292758681.
External links
- El Mallku Speaks: Indigenous Autonomy & Coca - The Narco News Interview with Felipe Quispe
- In Defense of Life and Democracy
Template:2005 presidential election candidates, Bolivia
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