Independent Macedonia (1944): Difference between revisions

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The country is designed as Bulgarian state. It is even more appropriate to put Albanian or Greek names as minority languages. Another reason is that the Macedonian language didn't exist in 1944.
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{{copy edit|for=grammar and general English-language cleanup|date=September 2012}}
{{copy edit|for=grammar and general English-language cleanup|date=September 2012}}
{{Infobox Former Country
{{Infobox Former Country
|conventional_long_name = Independent Macedonia</br>Независна Македонија</br>Независима Македония
|conventional_long_name = Независима Македония</br>Independent Macedonia
|native_name = Macedonia<br/>Македонија</br>''Makedoniјa''
|native_name = Македония<br/>Macedonia</br>
|common_name = Macedonia, NMR
|common_name = Macedonia, NMR
|continent = Europe
|continent = Europe
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|image_map = Greater Macedonia.png
|image_map = Greater Macedonia.png
|image_map_caption = The [[Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization|IMRO]]-led government claimed the entire region of<br/>Macedonia (blue) in the [[Balkans]].
|image_map_caption = The [[Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization|IMRO]]-led government claimed the entire region of<br/>Macedonia (blue) in the [[Balkans]].
|national_motto = ''Слобода или смрт за Македонија''<br>''Свобода или смърт за Македония''<br/><small>"Freedom or Death for Macedonia"</small>
|national_motto = "Свобода или смърт за Македония"<br/><small>"Freedom or Death for Macedonia"</small>
|national_anthem = ''Изгреј зора на слободата''<br>''Изгрей зора на свободата''<br/><small>''Rise up the dayspring of freedom''</small>
|national_anthem = ''Изгрей зора на свободата''<br/><small>''Rise up the dayspring of freedom''</small>
|capital = Skopje
|capital = Skopje
|common_languages = [[Macedonian language|Macedonian]]<br/>[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]
|common_languages = [[Macedonian language|Macedonian]]<br/>[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]
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}}
}}


'''Independent Macedonia''' ([[Macedonian Language|Macedonian]]: Независна Македонија; ''Nezavisna Makedonija'' [[Bulgarian Language|Bulgarian]]: Независима Македония; ''Nezavisima Makedoniya'' [[German language|German]]: ''Unabhängiges Mazedonien'') was a failed project for the creation of an independent state in the [[region of Macedonia]] of the [[Macedonian Slavs|Macedonian]] and [[Bulgarian Slavs]] that would be a [[puppet state]] of [[Nazi Germany]] from September to October, 1944. The ideologue of the state was right-wing oriented "[[Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization]](autonomist)" (IMRO) party operated by [[Ivan Mihailov]].
'''Independent Macedonia''' ([[Bulgarian Language|Bulgarian]]: Независима Македония; ''Nezavisima Makedoniya'' [[German language|German]]: ''Unabhängiges Mazedonien'') was a failed project for the creation of an independent state in the [[region of Macedonia]] that would be a [[puppet state]] of [[Nazi Germany]] from September to October, 1944. The ideologue of the state was right-wing oriented "[[Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization]](autonomist)" (IMRO) party operated by [[Ivan Mihailov]].


== History ==
== History ==

Revision as of 12:11, 6 November 2012

Независима Македония
Independent Macedonia
Македония
Macedonia
1944–1944
Flag of Macedonia, NMR
Motto: "Свобода или смърт за Македония"
"Freedom or Death for Macedonia"
Anthem: Изгрей зора на свободата
Rise up the dayspring of freedom
The IMRO-led government claimed the entire region of Macedonia (blue) in the Balkans.
The IMRO-led government claimed the entire region of
Macedonia (blue) in the Balkans.
StatusProposed puppet state and protectorate of
 Bulgaria
CapitalSkopje
Common languagesMacedonian
Bulgarian
Religion
Orthodox Christianity
President of the Administration 
• 1944
Spiro Kitanchev
Historical eraWorld War II
• Established
September 8 1944
• Disestablished
November 13 1944
CurrencyBulgarian lev
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Kingdom of Bulgaria
Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia
Socialist Republic of Macedonia
Today part of Macedonia
 Bulgaria
 Greece
 Serbia
 Albania

Independent Macedonia (Bulgarian: Независима Македония; Nezavisima Makedoniya German: Unabhängiges Mazedonien) was a failed project for the creation of an independent state in the region of Macedonia that would be a puppet state of Nazi Germany from September to October, 1944. The ideologue of the state was right-wing oriented "Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization(autonomist)" (IMRO) party operated by Ivan Mihailov.

History

Ivan Mihailov with the right wing IMRO (sometimes called mihailovist IMRO and autonomist IMRO) wanted to create an independent Macedonian state with Bulgarian elements.

Through the slogan "Independent Macedonia", the so-called mihailovist IMRO intended to unite Macedonia, including the Pirin part of Macedonia, which was perceived as a main core, i.e., to play a role analogous to that of Piedmont in the unification of Italy, for the unification of the other two parts of Macedonia, but with a Bulgarian national character.

Ivan Mihailov, the leader of this faction having in mind political and state aims, saw the creation of independent Macedonia as a preservation of the Bulgarian element in Macedonia, and creating a separate second Bulgarian state in the Balkans. His plan was not guided by the national needs from every Macedonian, but intended to cover the real aim: in the near future to come to the unification of the Vardar and Aegean parts with Bulgaria.

On the other side, with this separatist tendencies for seceding the Pirin part of Macedonia from Bulgaria, and especially the autonomous rule in this part of Macedonia, where the Bulgarian state sovereignty was greatly curbed. The Bulgarian public started to react, particularly the opposition parties. Frightened for the integrity of their country, their reactions would become one of the causes for the banning of IMRO inside the boundaries of Bulgaria.

On the internal plan, the mihailovist part of IMRO, having the support of the Bulgarian state and governing factors, the greater number of Macedonian emigrants' organizations, societies and brotherhoods in Bulgaria, and especially the support of the Macedonian National Committee, as well as the control over Pirin Macedonia and the organization's treasury gained great priority in the fight with the protogerovist faction. Until its banning, the mihailovist IMRO stayed the most powerful and the most influential faction in the organization. On the external plan, searching for allies against the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, mihailovist IMRO even more closely connected itself with the Kingdom of Italy and Kingdom of Hungary political circles and especially with the nationalist and separatist forces of the Independent State of Croatia.

Failed attempt to create the state

Unlike the left wing IMRO, the right wing followers of the mihailovist IMRO considered the Macedonians and they saw the solution of the Macedonian Question in creating an independent Macedonian state. At this time the IMRO leader Ivan Mihailov arrived in German reoccupied Skopje, where the Germans hoped that he could form an Macedonian state on the base of former IMRO structures and Ohrana. Meanwhile Mihailov had visited Sofia for negotiations with the Bulgarian government. Contacts were established also with Hristo Tatarchev in Resen. He was offered to became a President of the future state.[1] Negotiations were hold also with the Macedonian partisans through the Bulgarian minister of the Internal Affairs Alexandar Stanishev.[2] On 8 September 1944, the Bulgarians changed sides and joined the Soviet Union in its war against Nazi Germany and on 9 September 1944 the Fatherland Front in Sofia made a coup d'état and deposed the old government. Ivan Mihailov seeing that the war was lost stated that there were no conditions for creating a new state. When Ivan Mihailov saw that he had minimal support among the people of Macedonia he was flown to Austria, where he spent a long time hiding with his wife until they finally moved to Italy and remained there until the end of his life.[3] He died in Rome in 1990. Within the middle of November the communists took control over Vardar Macedonia.[4]

Supplemental sources

  • Zoran Todorovski, Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization: 1924-1934, page 250 - 257 ISBN 9989-795-01-0
  • IMRO (United). Documents and materials, book I and II, Ivan Katandzhiev, Skopje, 1991, 1992
  • History of Bulgaria, Sofia, 1994
  • For independent state Croatia: common struggle of the Croats and Macedonians, Wien, 1932

References

  1. ^ Македонската кървава Коледа. Създаване и утвърждаване на Вардарска Македония като Република в Югославска Федерация (1943-1946) Автор: Веселин Ангелов, Издател: ИК "Галик ", ISBN 954-8008-77-7, стр. 113 - 115.
  2. ^ Във и извън Македония - спомени на Пандо Кляшев, стр. 276, Македонска Трибуна.
  3. ^ Utrinski Vesnik: Who was Vancho Mihailov
  4. ^ Dr. Ivan Yanev BULGARIA’S FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR AS REFLECTED IN BULGARIAN HISTORIC LITERATURE 1938 - 1944 Варна, 2006 Издателство "Литернет" [1]

See also

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