Conceptual art and Talk:FN FAL: Difference between pages

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{{WPMILHIST
{{distinguish|concept art}}
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Why the comment on the Australians being told to keep magazines because of shortages of funding? It's very standard practice here in NZ to keep empty magazines for three reasons: 1) to allow you to bomb up the mags again as soon as practical. 2) to deny enemy 'sign'. 3) to deny the enemy equipment. We get our asses kicked if we leave our gear lying around a battlefield, is it not the same elsewhere? [[User:TinyPirate|TinyPirate]] 01:33, 10 December 2006 (UTC)


We need a photo! [[User:David.Monniaux|David.Monniaux]] 11:17, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)
[[Image:Kosuth_OneAndThreeChairs.jpg|thumb|Joseph Kosuth, ''One and Three Chairs'' (1965)]]
'''Conceptual art''' is [[art]] in which the [[concept]](s) or [[idea]](s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional [[Aesthetics|aesthetic]] and material concerns. In some cases, Conceptual art may not entail any art object ''per se'', but instead manifest solely as documentary evidence for an "art idea." In other, less extreme cases, Conceptual art may involve the construction of images and objects in a manner that frees the artist from their traditional role as a maker of aesthetic decisions. To give an example, many of the works of the artist [[Sol LeWitt]] may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions.<ref>[http://www.franklinfurnace.org/history/flow/lewitt/lewitt.html ''Facsimile of original instructions for Wall Drawing 811 by Phil Gleason, with a view of the installed work at Franklin Furnace. October 1996.]</ref> This method was fundamental to Lewitt's definition of Conceptual art, the first to appear in print:


How were Australian tactics in Vietnam dictated by this weapon? That's unclear and needs justification. [[User:Rst|Rst]]
{{cquote|In conceptual art the idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work. When an artist uses a conceptual form of art, it means that all of the planning and decisions are made beforehand and the execution is a perfunctory affair. The idea becomes a machine that makes the art. &ndash; [[Sol LeWitt]], "Paragraphs on Conceptual Art", ''Art Forum'', 1967.}}


I agree with the above sentiments. New Zealand and Australian tactics tended to be off the main tracks. Also the experience of the Malayan Emergency helped their tactics. I'm not sure the FN FAL affected them.
For the layman, this quotation highlights a key difference between a conceptualist installation and a traditional work of art - that the conceptualist's work may require little or no physical craftsmanship in its execution, whereas traditional [[art]] is distinguished by requiring a physically skillful, and often highly aestheticized execution, usually beyond the capability of the untrained person. However, a sizable amount of contemporary art uses aesthetics to draw an audience to their concept, or to make that concept more effective.


Also used by New Zealand. Did NZ buy them from Australia? [[User:Rst|Rst]]
The inception of the term in the 1960s referred to a strict and focused practice of idea-based art. Through its association with the [[Young British Artists]] and the [[Turner Prize]] during the 1990s, its popular usage, particularly in the [[United Kingdom|UK]], developed as as synonym for all [[contemporary art]] that does not practise the traditional skills of [[painting]] and [[sculpture]].<ref name=tateconceptual>[http://www.tate.org.uk/britain/turnerprize/history/issue_conceptual.htm ''Turner prize history: Conceptual art'' Tate gallery] tate.org.uk. Accessed August 8, 2006</ref>


No New Zealand obtained them commercially from Armscor in South Africa. [[User:Whirling|Whirling]]
==History==
[[image:Duchamp_Fountaine.jpg|thumb|''Fountain'' by [[Marcel Duchamp]], [[1917]], photograph by [[Alfred Stieglitz]]]]
The French artist [[Marcel Duchamp]] paved the way for the conceptualists, providing them with examples of prototypically conceptual works (the [[readymade]]s, for instance) that defied conventional categorization. The most famous of Duchamp's readymades was ''[[Fountain (Duchamp)|Fountain]]'' (1917), a standard urinal basin signed by the artist with the pseudonym "R.Mutt", and submitted for inclusion in the annual, un-juried exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists in New York--it was rejected.<ref>Tony Godfrey, Conceptual Art, London: 1998. p. 28</ref> In traditional terms, a commonplace object such as a urinal cannot be said to be art because it is not made by an artist or with any intention of being art, it is not unique, and it possesses few of the expected visual properties of the traditional, hand-crafted art object. Duchamp's relevance and theoretical importance for future "conceptualists" was later acknowledged by US artist [[Joseph Kosuth]] in his 1969 essay, "Art after Philosophy," when he wrote: ''"All art (after Duchamp) is conceptual (in nature) because art only exists conceptually."''


About tinypirate comment. we may not use the fn fal but its common us practice to just leave the magizine on the ground once there finished. im nbot sure about the Special opeeration
Because conceptual art is so dependent upon the text (or discourse) surrounding it, it is strongly related to numerous other [[art movement]]s of the last century.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conceptual art emerged as a movement during the 1960s. In part, it was a reaction against [[formalism]] as it was then articulated by the influential [[New York]] art critic [[Clement Greenberg]]. In 1961 the term "concept art" appeared in a [[Fluxus]] publication. However it assumed a different meaning when employed by [[Joseph Kosuth]] and the English [[Art and Language]] group, who discarded the conventional art object in favour of a documented critical inquiry into the artist's social, philosophical and psychological status. By the mid-1970s they had produced publications, indexes, performances, texts and paintings to this end. The key point was that the art object was neither the goal nor an end in itself. In 1970 ''Conceptual Art and Conceptual Aspects'', the first dedicated conceptual art exhibition, was mounted at the New York Cultural Center.<ref>[http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/c/conceptualart.html artlex.com]</ref>
'''Hello''' Used the FN to train with when I was in Royal Canadian Army Cadets.
It's 13:57 on Tue Jan 24, 2006. My site is at http://www.michaelmanalolazo.webitsmart.co.uk
Just Surfing. Thanks.


== not an assault rifle ==
Conceptual art also reacted against the [[commodification]] of art; it attempted a subversion of the gallery or museum as the location and determiner of art, and the art market as the owner and distributor of art. [[Lawrence Weiner]] said : "Once you know about a work of mine you own it. There's no way I can climb inside somebody's head and remove it." Many conceptual artists' work can therefore only be known about through documentation which is manifested by it, e.g. photographs, written texts or displayed objects, which are not in themselves the art. It is sometimes (as in the work of [[Robert Barry]], [[Yoko Ono]], and Weiner himself) reduced to a set of written instructions describing a work, but stopping short of actually making it&mdash;emphasising that the idea is more important than the artifact.


changed "assault rifle" to "battle rifle" to correct error and clarify internal conflict
The first wave of the "conceptual art" movement extended from approximately 1967 to 1978. Early "concept" artists like [[Henry Flynt]], [[Robert Morris (artist)|Robert Morris]] and [[Ray Johnson]] influenced the later, widely-accepted movement of conceptual artists like [[Dan Graham]], [[Hans Haacke]], and [[Douglas Huebler]].


In that case, the infobox on the right needs to be changed, as it's listed as an assault rifle there, but it's described as a battle rifle in the main text. [[User:Geoff B|Geoff B]] 00:36, 7 April 2006 (UTC)
The [[Young British Artists]] (YBAs), led by [[Damien Hirst]], came to prominence in the 1990s and their work is seen as conceptual, even though it relies very heavily on the art object to make its impact. The term is used in relation to them on the basis that the object is not the artwork, or is often a [[Found art|found object]], which has not needed artistic skill in its production. [[Tracey Emin]] is seen as a leading YBA and a conceptual artist, even though she has denied that she is and has emphasised personal emotional expression.


The assault rifle page states that an assault rifle "is a type of automatic rifle generally defined as ... chambering intermediate-powered ammunition." This article clearly says that the FAL "utilize[s] a full-power rifle cartridge." An FAL is a battle rifle, not an assualt rifle.
Many of the concerns of the "conceptual art" movement proper have been taken up by many contemporary artists since the initial wave of conceptual artists. While many of these artists may not term themselves "conceptual artists", ideas such as anti-commodification, social and/or political critique, and ideas/information as medium continue to be aspects of contemporary art, especially among artists working with [[installation art]], [[performance art]], [[net.art]] and [[electronic art|electronic]]/[[digital art]]. Many critics and artists may speak of conceptual aspects of a given artist or art work, reflecting the enduring influence that many of the original conceptual artists have had on the art world.


:You're correct, the FAL cannot be considered an assault rifle. I'll make it like the [[M14 Rifle|M14]] article and put "Selective fire rifle" on the spec_type field. --[[User:Squalla|Squalla]] 18:57, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
==Examples of conceptual art==
1953 : [[Robert Rauschenberg]] exhibits ''Erased De Kooning Drawing'', a drawing by [[Willem De Kooning]] which Rauschenberg erased. It raised many questions about the fundamental nature of art, challenging the viewer to consider whether erasing another artist's work could be a creative act, as well as whether the work was only "art" because the famous Rauschenberg had done it.


==.280 British==
1957: [[Yves Klein]], ''Aerostatic Sculpture (Paris)''. This was composed of 1001 blue balloons released into the sky from [[Galerie Iris Clert]] to promote his ''Le Vid'' exhibition. Klein also exhibited 'One Minute Fire Painting' which was a blue panel into which 16 firecrackers were set. Later in 1957 Klein declared that his paintings were now invisible and to prove it he exhibited an empty room. This exhibition was called 'The Surfaces and Volumes of Invisible Pictorial Sensibility'.
I think the page needs discussion about Britains involvement with FN to create the FAL. It was originally meant to be a select fire rifle in a medium sized caliber much like the Stg. 44. The British aided FN in medium powered rifle cartridges and came up with .280 British but changed to 7.62x51 mm NATO (.308 Win.) with the standardization of NATO calibers and pressure from Americans.
[[User:El Jorge|El Jorge]] 23:48, 26 April 2006 (UTC)


== Australian AR was a L1A2, not a L2A1 ==
1960: [[Yves Klein]]'s action called ''A Leap Into The Void'', in which he attempts to fly by leaping out of a window. He stated: "The painter has only to create one masterpiece, himself, constantly."


In Australian service the Automatic Rifle (AR) version of the SLR was known as the L1A2, not the L2A1. For a reference see http://www.raeme.net/toc.php?cat=armoury&item=2
1960: The artist [[Stanley Brouwn]] declares that all the shoe shops in Amsterdam constitute an exhibition of his work. In Vancouver, [[Iain and Ingrid Baxter]] exhibited the contents of a four room apartment wrapped in plastic bags.


:That contradicts the information from every other source on the matter. Doesn't mean its wrong, but I've never heard of that. Also, since the weapons were obviously quite seperate, it would not make sense that the Automatic Rifle (with its full-auto, heavy barrel, lack of handguards, bipod, and different rear sights) would be a variant of the rifle. Any other information confirming this is welcome. -- [[User:Thatguy96|Thatguy96]] 15:18 May 30 2006
1961: [[Robert Rauschenberg]] sent a telegram to the [[Galerie Iris Clert]] which said: 'This is a portrait of [[Iris Clert]] if I say so.' as his contribution to an exhibition of portraits.


::I suspect that this fellows use of L1A2 is due to a slip of the fingers or faulty memory. Collector Grade Publications' authoritative '''UK and Commonwealth FALs''' clearly uses the designation L2A1, and even quotes from Aussie manuals and reports. One such manual is '''Technical Brochure, Rifle Equipments 7.62mm L1A1, L2A1, L1A1-F1''' published by SAF Lithgow, the manufacturer of the rifles. --[[User:D.E. Watters|D.E. Watters]] 21:28, 30 May 2006 (UTC)
1961: [[Piero Manzoni]] exhibited tins of his own feces. He puts the tins on sale for their own weight in gold. He also sells his own breath (enclosed in balloons) as ''Bodies of Air'', and signs people's bodies, thus declaring them to be living works of art either for all time or for specified periods of time (this depends on how much they are prepared to pay).


:::Out of curiousity what was the L1A1-F1? -- [[User:Thatguy96|Thatguy96]] 18:22 May 30 2006
1962: [[Christo Javacheff|Christo]]'s ''Iron Curtain'' work. This consists of a barricade of oil barrels in a narrow Paris street which caused a large traffic jam. The artwork was not the barricade itself, of course, but the resulting traffic jam.


::::It was a special model made up for Papua-New Guinea Forces. The buttstock and flashhider were both shortened. --[[User:D.E. Watters|D.E. Watters]] 15:48, 31 May 2006 (UTC)
1962: [[Yves Klein]] presents ''Immaterial Pictorial Sensitivity'' in various ceremonies on the banks of the Seine. He offers to sell his own 'pictorial sensitivity' (whatever that was, he did not define it) in exchange for gold leaf. In these ceremonies the purchaser gave Klein the gold leaf in return for a certificate. Since Klein's sensitivity was immaterial, the purchaser was then required to burn the certificate whilst Klein threw the gold leaf into the Seine. (There were seven purchasers.)


1962: [[Piero Manzoni]] created ''The Base of the World'', thereby exhibiting the entire planet as his artwork.


== Fiction references ==
1963: [[Henry Flynt]]s article ''Concept Art'' is published in "An Anthology...". This collection of concepts by artists and musicians was edited by Jackson MacLow and La Monte Young. It documents the development of [[intermedia art]] in the context of John Cage and Fluxus.


I have moved the list of references to films/tv/video games to a new pages
1964: [[Yoko Ono]] publishes ''Grapefruit: A Book of Instructions and Drawings''. An example of [[Heuristic art]], or a series of instructions for how to obtain an aesthetic experience.
and replaced the section with a link to it for the following reasons:
*This is to keep it the article clean and uniform with other similar articles
*Reduces overall length (already quite long) in keeping with size guidelines (see [[Wikipedia:Article size]])
*Help with inclusion into pages like [[List of firearms in video games]] and [[List of firearms in films]]
See [[Heckler & Koch MP5]] / [[Heckler & Koch MP5 in popular culture]] or [[MAC-10]] / [[MAC-10 in popular culture]]) for similar ''...in popular culture pages'') for similar efforts. [[User:Deon Steyn|Deon Steyn]] 12:38, 15 June 2006 (UTC)


1965: A complex conceptual art piece by [[John Latham (artist)|John Latham]] called ''Still and Chew''. He invites art students to protest against the values of [[Clement Greenberg]]'s ''Art and Culture'' (much praised and taught in London's [[Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design|St. Martin's School of Art]] where Latham taught). Pages of Greenberg's book (borrowed from the college library) are chewed by the students, dissolved in acid and the resulting solution returned to the library bottled and labelled. Latham was then fired from his part-time position.
[[Joseph Kosuth]] dates the concept of [[One and Three Chairs]] in the year 1965. The presentation of the work consists of a chair, its photo and a blow up of a definition of the word "chair". Kosuth has chosen the definition from a dictionary. Four versions with different definitions are known.


==Queries & observations==
1967: [[Sol LeWitt]]´s ''Paragraphs on Conceptual Art'' were published by the American art journal ''[[Artforum]]''. The ''Paragraphs'' mark the transgression from Minimal to Conceptual Art.
'History' section<br>
Para 2<br>
"Unlike some other tactical rifles, reliable high-caps for the FN FAL are quite inexpensive".<br>
What ''is'' a 'high-cap', reliable or not ?


There is no mention of the rifle's nickname "Right hand of the free world." Seems it should be in there somewhere, but I am not sure where.
1969: [[Robert Barry]]'s ''Telepathic Piece'' of which he said 'During the exhibition I will try to communicate telepathically a work of art, the nature of which is a series of thoughts that are not applicable to language or image'.
The first issue of "Art-Langague" is published in May. It is subtitled as "The Journal of conceptual art" and edited by Terry Atkinson, David Bainbridge, Michael Baldwin and Harold Hurrell. The editors are English members of the artists group [[Art & Language]].
The English journal "Studio International" published [[Joseph Kosuth]]´s article "Art after Philosophy" in three parts (October-December). It became the most discussed article on "Conceptual Art".


'Israel' section<br>
1970: Painter [[John Baldessari]] exhibits a film in which he sets a series of erudite statements by Sol LeWitt on the subject of conceptual art to popular tunes like 'Camptown Races' and 'Some Enchanted Evening'.
Para 1<br>
a. "They (the FN FAL),were effective up to 730m".<br>
Somebody has written on the edit page: "This sentence doesn't make much sense". I agree. Indeed, I would go as far as to say that 730m sounds: (a) too precise and (b) too ambitious.<br>
If memory serves correctly, the British army taught the L1A1 SLR thus:<br>
Maxium effective range, as an individual weapon - 300m; as one in a section (squad) - 600m.


b. "the Mauser K98 and the M1 carbine as sniper rifles". The M1 carbine as a sniper rifle, is this correct ?
1970: [[Douglas Huebler]] exhibits a series of photographs which were taken every two minutes whilst driving along a road for 24 minutes.


'United States' section<br>
1970: [[Douglas Huebler]] asks museum visitors to write down 'one authentic secret'. The resulting 1800 documents are compiled into a book which, by some accounts, makes for very repetitive reading as most secrets are similar.
Is the last paragraph in this section really necessary ? And who is Gary Jeter when he's at home?


[[User:RASAM|RASAM]] 20:10, 25 June 2006 (UTC)
1971: [[Hans Haacke]]'s 'Real Time Social System'. This piece detailed the real estate holdings of the third largest landowners in New York City. The properties were mostly in Harlem and the Lower East Side, were decrepit and poorly maintained, and represented the largest concentration of real estate in those areas under the control of a single group. The captions gave various financial details about the buildings, including recent sales between companies owned or controlled by the same family. The Guggenheim museum cancelled the exhibition, stating that the overt political implications of the work constituted "an alien substance that had entered the art museum organism". There is no evidence to suggest that the trustees of the Guggenheim were linked financially to the family which was the subject of the work.


'Production and Use - Australia' Section 2.2
1972: [[Fred Forrest]] buys an area of blank space in the newspaper Le Monde and invites readers to fill it with their own works of art.


At least towards the end of its service life, the L1A1 was not fully automatic (comment saying "fully automatic use was discouraged"). Fire selector had a marking on the body of the rifle for fully automatic, however it could only be moved between "safe" and "single shot". [[User:The Kidd|The Kidd]] 03:55, 22 September 2006 (UTC)
1975-76: Three issues of the journal "The Fox" were published in New York. The editor was [[Joseph Kosuth]]. "The Fox" became an important platform for the American members of [[Art & Language]]. Karl Beveridge, Ian Burn, [[Sarah Charlesworth]], [[Michael Corris]], [[Joseph Kosuth]], Andrew Menard, Mel Ramsden and Terry Smith wrote articles which thematized the context of contemporary art. These articles exemplify the development of an institutional critique within the inner circle of Conceptual Art. The criticism of the art world integrates social, political and economic reasons.


==Answer to Question B==
1977: [[Walter De Maria]]'s 'Vertical Earth Kilometer' in [[Kassel]], Germany. This was a one kilometer brass rod which was sunk into the earth so that nothing remained visible except a few centimeters. Despite its size, therefore, this work exists mostly in the viewer's mind.
In regards to question B. Yes, the M1 Carbine family served a limited role as a designated marksman's weapon. Outfitted with the infrared M2 Sniperscope and flash hider, it was used in Korea and to some extent Vietnam. [[User:El Jorge|El Jorge]] 19:37, 16 July 2006 (UTC)


1991: [[Charles Saatchi]] funds Damien Hirst and the next year in the [[Saatchi Gallery]] exhibits his ''The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living'', a shark in formaldehyde in a vitrine.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1993: [[Vanessa Beecroft]] holds her first performance in Milan, Italy, using models to act as a second audience to the display of her diary of food.
—The FN FAL was also used extensively by the Rhodesian Security Forces during the Terrorist War 1971 - 1980 and was shown to be far superior to the AK47 where aimed fire from ambush in savannah bush/veld conditions were required. Hitting power against hidden troops in concealed vegetation was excellent with the 7.62 ball ammo and the ability to operate under all weather conditions as well as above average accuracy made it a formidable weapon.Kills through 15 - 20 cm tree branches were often reported. The one disadvantage with the 20 round magazine was weight. Carrying an FN FAl with 100 rounds of ammo required far more effort than the equivalent for AK 47. The AK47 was better employed in a rapid fire situation, where blanket firepower rather than accuracy were required.
Witness J. Mpofu Superintendent BSAP


==New Zealand Army/Air Force==
1999: [[Tracey Emin]] is nominated for the [[Turner Prize]]. Part of her exhibit is ''My Bed'', her dishevelled bed, surrounded by detritus such as condoms, blood-stained knickers, bottles and her bedroom slippers.
I've edited the section on the New Zealand army since it said that they used American M16s, which is not true, they use Aussie F88 Steyrs.
The section seems to have been written by someone from the Royal New Zealand Air Force, who seems to have got the Steyr and M16 mixed up, or perhaps was recalling a period from when the M16 was in service.(before the Steyr replaced it)[[User:58.104.198.156|58.104.198.156]] 15:14, 6 September 2006 (UTC)


==Wars==
2001: [[Martin Creed]] wins the Turner Prize for ''The Lights Going On and Off'', an empty room where the lights go on and off.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts/1698032.stm BBC Online]</ref>
on the info box , it stated "cold war" only. the FAL has been used in MANY MANY wars , and even more if you consider conflicts. i can't think of many off the top of my head except for the Vietnam War (used by Australian & New Zealand army , SASR , NZSAS and the french foreign legion) . please help me out with this , i'm sorry but it's dammright disgusting that the M16 article gets more attention then this rifle that has had near more overall use around the world.


How about these:
2005: [[Simon Starling]] wins the Turner Prize for ''Shedboatshed'', a wooden shed which he had turned into a boat, floated down the Rhine and turned back into a shed again.<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2-1905555,00.html ''The Times'']</ref>


Vietnam
==Controversy in the UK==
Rhodesia, Congo, well heck...about every war in Africa,
In [[United Kingdom|Britain]], the rise to prominence of the [[Young British Artists]] (YBAs) after the 1988 ''[[Freeze (exhibition)|Freeze]]'' show, curated by Damien Hirst, and subsequent promotion of the group by the [[Saatchi Gallery]] during the 1990s, generated a media backlash, where the phrase "conceptual art" came to be a term of derision applied to much [[contemporary art]]. This was amplified by the [[Turner Prize]] whose more extreme nominees (most notably Hirst and Emin) caused a controversy annually.<ref name=tateconceptual/>
Faulklands (Both sides used it!),
Libya-Chad
Isreali-Arab(6-days, Yom Kippur, Suez conflict),
Kashmir, Sri-Lanka,
Iran-Iraq,
Desert Storm
Rhodesian Bush War (Second Chimurenga)


G. Scott, 16 Oct 2006
The [[Stuckism|Stuckist]] group of artists, founded in 1999, proclaimed themselves "pro-contemporary figurative painting with ideas and anti-conceptual art, mainly because of its lack of concepts." They also called it pretentious, "unremarkable and boring" and on [[July 25]], [[2002]] deposited a coffin outside the [[White Cube]] gallery, marked "The Death of Conceptual Art".<ref>[http://www.stuckism.com/clown2000.html stuckism.com]</ref> They staged yearly demonstrations outside the Turner Prize.


=Rhodesia?=
In 2002, [[Ivan Massow]], the Chairman of the [[Institute of Contemporary Arts]] branded conceptual art "pretentious, self-indulgent, craftless tat" and in "danger of disappearing up its own arse ... led by cultural tsars such as the [[Tate Gallery|Tate]]'s Sir [[Nicholas Serota]].<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,634797,00.html ''The Guardian'']</ref> Massow was consequently forced to resign. At the end of the year, the Culture Minister, [[Kim Howells]] (an art school graduate) denounced the Turner Prize as "cold, mechanical, conceptual bullshit".<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/11/01/nart01.xml ''The Daily Telegraph'']</ref>


I believe they were used by Rhodesia, including during the [[Rhodesian Bush War]]. Not having any more information than that, I haven't put that in the article. Does anyone have more info, or pictures to confirm this? [[User:Rst|rst]] 05:02, 18 October 2006 (UTC)
In October 2004 the [[Saatchi Gallery]] told the media that "painting continues to be the most relevant and vital way that artists choose to communicate."<ref>Reynolds, Nigel 2004 [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/10/02/nsaat02.xml "Saatchi's latest shock for the art world is &ndash; painting"] ''The Daily Telegraph'' 10 February 2004. Accessed April 15, 2006</ref> Following this [[Charles Saatchi]] began to sell prominent works from his YBA collection.


--i can confirm that the british SASR used L1A1s in Rhodesia
==Notable conceptual artists==
<!-- DO NOT ADD YOUR NAME TO THIS LIST -->
<!-- alphabetical by last name -->
*[[Art & Language]]
*[[Michael Asher]]
*[[John Baldessari]]
*[[Shahram Entekhabi]]
*[[Vanessa Beecroft]]
*[[Joseph Beuys]]
*[[Mel Bochner]]
*[[Allan Bridge]]
*[[Marcel Broodthaers]]
*[[Victor Burgin]]
*[[Chris Burden]]
*[[Maurizio Cattelan]]
*[[Mark Divo]]
*[[Marcel Duchamp]]
*[[Tracey Emin]]
*[[Gilbert and George]]
*[[Dan Graham]]
*[[Hans Haacke]]
*[[Iris Häussler]]
*[[Jenny Holzer]]
*[[Zhang Huan]]
*[[Douglas Huebler]]
*[[Ray Johnson]]
*[[Ilya Kabakov]]
*[[On Kawara]]
*[[Yves Klein]]
*[[Joseph Kosuth]]
*[[John Latham]]
*[[Sol LeWitt]]
*[[Allan McCollum]]
*[[Eric Scott Nelson]]
*[[Yoko Ono]]
*[[Adrian Piper]]
*[[William Pope.L]]
*[[Wolf Vostell]]
*[[Lawrence Weiner]]
*[[Gillian Wearing]]


=Advertising=
==Further reading==
Think we can get rid of the advertising for DSArms?
Books:
[[User:24.28.19.63|24.28.19.63]]
*Klaus Honnef, ''Concept Art'', Cologne: Phaidon, 1971
*Ermanno Migliorini, ''Conceptual Art'', Florence: 1971
*Ursula Meyer, ed., ''Conceptual Art'', New York: Dutton, 1972
*Gregory Battcock, ed., ''Idea Art: A Critical Anthology'', New York: E. P. Dutton, 1973
*Juan Vicente Aliaga & José Miguel G. Cortés, ed., ''Arte Conceptual Revisado/Conceptual Art Revisited'', Valencia: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 1990
*Thomas Dreher, ''Konzeptuelle Kunst in Amerika und England zwischen 1963 und 1976'' (Thesis Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München), Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1992
*Robert C. Morgan, ''Conceptual Art: An American Perspective'', Jefferson, NC/London: McFarland, 1994
*Robert C. Morgan, ''Art into Ideas: Essays on Conceptual Art'', Cambridge ''et al.'': Cambridge University Press, 1996
*Tony Godfrey, ''Conceptual Art'', London: 1998
*Alexander Alberro & Blake Stimson, ed., ''Conceptual Art: A Critical Anthology'', Cambridge, Mass., London: MIT Press, 1999
*Michael Newman & Jon Bird, ed., ''Rewriting Conceptual Art'', London: Reaktion, 1999
*Anne Rorimer, ''New Art in the 60s and 70s: Redefining Reality'', London: Thames & Hudson, 2001
*Daniel Marzona, ''Conceptual Art'', Cologne: Taschen, 2005


We can, and did, apparently... However I don't know that this is the best move. Regardless of whether it may be considered "free advertising", DS Arms is in fact a current producer of the FN FAL rifle. Their product is claimed to be a completely new rifle, not a rebuild from de-militarized parts, and they have been doing it for many years now. Given this fact, they would indeed be one of only a few makers of the FAL still with rifles in production. Also of importance is the fact that DS Arms is one of only a few US makers that ever made the rifle. Based upon these facts, I would be in favor of including a statement in the USA FAL section which merely indicates that the FAL is still in production by DS Arms. FWIW, it turned me off too when I saw it in the article, but after thinking it over, I understand why it should be there.
Exhibit catalogues:
*''January 5-31,1969'', exh.cat., New York: Seth Siegelaub, 1969
*''When Attitudes Become Form'', exh.cat., Bern: Kunsthalle Bern, 1969
*''557,087'', exh.cat., Seattle: Seattle Art Museum, 1969
*''Konzeption/Conception'', exh.cat., Leverkusen: Städt. Museum Leverkusen ''et al.'', 1969
*''Conceptual Art and Conceptual Aspects'', exh.cat., New York: New York Cultural Center, 1970
*''Art in the Mind'', exh.cat., Oberlin, Ohio: Allen Memorial Art Museum, 1970
*''Information'', exh.cat., New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1970
*''Software'', exh.cat., New York: Jewish Museum, 1970
*''Situation Concepts'', exh.cat., Innsbruck: Forum für aktuelle Kunst, 1971
*''Art conceptuel I'', exh.cat., Bordeaux: capcMusée d’art contemporain de Bordeaux, 1988
*''L'art conceptuel'', exh.cat., Paris: ARC–Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, 1989
*Christian Schlatter, ed., ''Art Conceptuel Formes Conceptuelles/Conceptual Art Conceptual Forms'', exh.cat., Paris: Galerie 1900–2000 and Galerie de Poche, 1990
*''Reconsidering the Object of Art: 1965-1975'', exh.cat., Los Angeles: Museum of Contemporary Art, 1995
*''Global Conceptualism: Points of Origin, 1950s-1980s'', exh.cat., New York: Queens Museum of Art, 1999


Is there any evidence that indicates the DS Arms SA-58 FAL is not a completely new, US produced, production FN FAL rifle? and that they have been so for a decade or more? I also had a FAL made by Springfield Armory,for the life of me I can't remember the designation used by them,getting old,an excellent rifle with superb accuracy and function.[[User:Safn1949|Safn1949]] 02:53, 25 March 2007 (UTC)
==See also==
G. Scott 23 Oct 2006
*[[Contemporary art]]
:IIRC Springfield Armory SAR-48s were not new production FALs, but built from surplus recievers (Greek and something else IIRC). -- [[User:Thatguy96|Thatguy96]] 03:16, 25 March 2007 (UTC)
*[[Found art]]
*[[Installation art]]
*[[Paul Hartal|Lyco art]]
*[[Modern art]]
*[[Video art]]
*[[Visual arts]]
*[[Classificatory disputes about art]]
*[[Net art]]
*[[Information art]]
*[[Conceptual architecture]]


===Individual works===
==What The?...==
There have got to be at least 10 million FAL's made as the FAL is the most used western made rifle. More are in circulation than even the M16, which I think there are about 9 Million in circulation. The info box states that at least 1 million have been made, this seems a bit low for me
*[[One and Three Chairs]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://the-artists.org/MovementView.cfm?id=4F46309A%2D96D2%2D4C1A%2D9D2ECE2243C365B3 Conceptual Art, artists and art...the-artists.org]
* [http://www.ic.sunysb.edu/Stu/kswenson/lewitt.htm Sol LeWitt, "Paragraphs on Conceptual Art"]
* [http://www.art.dostweb.com/ Conceptualism]

{{Westernart}}

[[Category:Conceptual art]]
[[Category:Art movements]]

[[de:Konzeptkunst]]
[[et:Kontseptuaalkunst]]
[[es:Arte conceptual]]
[[fr:Art conceptuel]]
[[gl:Arte conceptual]]
[[it:Arte concettuale]]
[[he:אמנות מושגית]]
[[hu:Konceptualizmus]]
[[nl:Conceptuele kunst]]
[[ja:コンセプチュアル・アート]]
[[no:Konseptkunst]]
[[pt:Arte conceptual]]
[[ru:Концептуальное искусство]]
[[sr:Концептуална уметност]]
[[fi:Käsitetaide]]
[[sv:Konceptkonst]]
[[tr:Kavramsal sanat]]

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Why the comment on the Australians being told to keep magazines because of shortages of funding? It's very standard practice here in NZ to keep empty magazines for three reasons: 1) to allow you to bomb up the mags again as soon as practical. 2) to deny enemy 'sign'. 3) to deny the enemy equipment. We get our asses kicked if we leave our gear lying around a battlefield, is it not the same elsewhere? TinyPirate 01:33, 10 December 2006 (UTC)

We need a photo! David.Monniaux 11:17, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC)

How were Australian tactics in Vietnam dictated by this weapon? That's unclear and needs justification. Rst

I agree with the above sentiments. New Zealand and Australian tactics tended to be off the main tracks. Also the experience of the Malayan Emergency helped their tactics. I'm not sure the FN FAL affected them.

Also used by New Zealand. Did NZ buy them from Australia? Rst

No New Zealand obtained them commercially from Armscor in South Africa. Whirling

About tinypirate comment. we may not use the fn fal but its common us practice to just leave the magizine on the ground once there finished. im nbot sure about the Special opeeration

Hello Used the FN to train with when I was in Royal Canadian Army Cadets. It's 13:57 on Tue Jan 24, 2006. My site is at http://www.michaelmanalolazo.webitsmart.co.uk Just Surfing. Thanks.

not an assault rifle

changed "assault rifle" to "battle rifle" to correct error and clarify internal conflict

In that case, the infobox on the right needs to be changed, as it's listed as an assault rifle there, but it's described as a battle rifle in the main text. Geoff B 00:36, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

The assault rifle page states that an assault rifle "is a type of automatic rifle generally defined as ... chambering intermediate-powered ammunition." This article clearly says that the FAL "utilize[s] a full-power rifle cartridge." An FAL is a battle rifle, not an assualt rifle.

You're correct, the FAL cannot be considered an assault rifle. I'll make it like the M14 article and put "Selective fire rifle" on the spec_type field. --Squalla 18:57, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

.280 British

I think the page needs discussion about Britains involvement with FN to create the FAL. It was originally meant to be a select fire rifle in a medium sized caliber much like the Stg. 44. The British aided FN in medium powered rifle cartridges and came up with .280 British but changed to 7.62x51 mm NATO (.308 Win.) with the standardization of NATO calibers and pressure from Americans. El Jorge 23:48, 26 April 2006 (UTC)

Australian AR was a L1A2, not a L2A1

In Australian service the Automatic Rifle (AR) version of the SLR was known as the L1A2, not the L2A1. For a reference see http://www.raeme.net/toc.php?cat=armoury&item=2

That contradicts the information from every other source on the matter. Doesn't mean its wrong, but I've never heard of that. Also, since the weapons were obviously quite seperate, it would not make sense that the Automatic Rifle (with its full-auto, heavy barrel, lack of handguards, bipod, and different rear sights) would be a variant of the rifle. Any other information confirming this is welcome. -- Thatguy96 15:18 May 30 2006
I suspect that this fellows use of L1A2 is due to a slip of the fingers or faulty memory. Collector Grade Publications' authoritative UK and Commonwealth FALs clearly uses the designation L2A1, and even quotes from Aussie manuals and reports. One such manual is Technical Brochure, Rifle Equipments 7.62mm L1A1, L2A1, L1A1-F1 published by SAF Lithgow, the manufacturer of the rifles. --D.E. Watters 21:28, 30 May 2006 (UTC)
Out of curiousity what was the L1A1-F1? -- Thatguy96 18:22 May 30 2006
It was a special model made up for Papua-New Guinea Forces. The buttstock and flashhider were both shortened. --D.E. Watters 15:48, 31 May 2006 (UTC)


Fiction references

I have moved the list of references to films/tv/video games to a new pages and replaced the section with a link to it for the following reasons:

See Heckler & Koch MP5 / Heckler & Koch MP5 in popular culture or MAC-10 / MAC-10 in popular culture) for similar ...in popular culture pages) for similar efforts. Deon Steyn 12:38, 15 June 2006 (UTC)


Queries & observations

'History' section
Para 2
"Unlike some other tactical rifles, reliable high-caps for the FN FAL are quite inexpensive".
What is a 'high-cap', reliable or not ?

There is no mention of the rifle's nickname "Right hand of the free world." Seems it should be in there somewhere, but I am not sure where.

'Israel' section
Para 1
a. "They (the FN FAL),were effective up to 730m".
Somebody has written on the edit page: "This sentence doesn't make much sense". I agree. Indeed, I would go as far as to say that 730m sounds: (a) too precise and (b) too ambitious.
If memory serves correctly, the British army taught the L1A1 SLR thus:
Maxium effective range, as an individual weapon - 300m; as one in a section (squad) - 600m.

b. "the Mauser K98 and the M1 carbine as sniper rifles". The M1 carbine as a sniper rifle, is this correct ?

'United States' section
Is the last paragraph in this section really necessary ? And who is Gary Jeter when he's at home?

RASAM 20:10, 25 June 2006 (UTC)

'Production and Use - Australia' Section 2.2

At least towards the end of its service life, the L1A1 was not fully automatic (comment saying "fully automatic use was discouraged"). Fire selector had a marking on the body of the rifle for fully automatic, however it could only be moved between "safe" and "single shot". The Kidd 03:55, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

Answer to Question B

In regards to question B. Yes, the M1 Carbine family served a limited role as a designated marksman's weapon. Outfitted with the infrared M2 Sniperscope and flash hider, it was used in Korea and to some extent Vietnam. El Jorge 19:37, 16 July 2006 (UTC)


—The FN FAL was also used extensively by the Rhodesian Security Forces during the Terrorist War 1971 - 1980 and was shown to be far superior to the AK47 where aimed fire from ambush in savannah bush/veld conditions were required. Hitting power against hidden troops in concealed vegetation was excellent with the 7.62 ball ammo and the ability to operate under all weather conditions as well as above average accuracy made it a formidable weapon.Kills through 15 - 20 cm tree branches were often reported. The one disadvantage with the 20 round magazine was weight. Carrying an FN FAl with 100 rounds of ammo required far more effort than the equivalent for AK 47. The AK47 was better employed in a rapid fire situation, where blanket firepower rather than accuracy were required. Witness J. Mpofu Superintendent BSAP

New Zealand Army/Air Force

I've edited the section on the New Zealand army since it said that they used American M16s, which is not true, they use Aussie F88 Steyrs. The section seems to have been written by someone from the Royal New Zealand Air Force, who seems to have got the Steyr and M16 mixed up, or perhaps was recalling a period from when the M16 was in service.(before the Steyr replaced it)58.104.198.156 15:14, 6 September 2006 (UTC)

Wars

on the info box , it stated "cold war" only. the FAL has been used in MANY MANY wars , and even more if you consider conflicts. i can't think of many off the top of my head except for the Vietnam War (used by Australian & New Zealand army , SASR , NZSAS and the french foreign legion) . please help me out with this , i'm sorry but it's dammright disgusting that the M16 article gets more attention then this rifle that has had near more overall use around the world.

How about these:

Vietnam Rhodesia, Congo, well heck...about every war in Africa, Faulklands (Both sides used it!), Libya-Chad Isreali-Arab(6-days, Yom Kippur, Suez conflict), Kashmir, Sri-Lanka, Iran-Iraq, Desert Storm Rhodesian Bush War (Second Chimurenga)

G. Scott, 16 Oct 2006

Rhodesia?

I believe they were used by Rhodesia, including during the Rhodesian Bush War. Not having any more information than that, I haven't put that in the article. Does anyone have more info, or pictures to confirm this? rst 05:02, 18 October 2006 (UTC)

--i can confirm that the british SASR used L1A1s in Rhodesia

Advertising

Think we can get rid of the advertising for DSArms? 24.28.19.63

We can, and did, apparently... However I don't know that this is the best move. Regardless of whether it may be considered "free advertising", DS Arms is in fact a current producer of the FN FAL rifle. Their product is claimed to be a completely new rifle, not a rebuild from de-militarized parts, and they have been doing it for many years now. Given this fact, they would indeed be one of only a few makers of the FAL still with rifles in production. Also of importance is the fact that DS Arms is one of only a few US makers that ever made the rifle. Based upon these facts, I would be in favor of including a statement in the USA FAL section which merely indicates that the FAL is still in production by DS Arms. FWIW, it turned me off too when I saw it in the article, but after thinking it over, I understand why it should be there.

Is there any evidence that indicates the DS Arms SA-58 FAL is not a completely new, US produced, production FN FAL rifle? and that they have been so for a decade or more? I also had a FAL made by Springfield Armory,for the life of me I can't remember the designation used by them,getting old,an excellent rifle with superb accuracy and function.Safn1949 02:53, 25 March 2007 (UTC) G. Scott 23 Oct 2006

IIRC Springfield Armory SAR-48s were not new production FALs, but built from surplus recievers (Greek and something else IIRC). -- Thatguy96 03:16, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

What The?...

There have got to be at least 10 million FAL's made as the FAL is the most used western made rifle. More are in circulation than even the M16, which I think there are about 9 Million in circulation. The info box states that at least 1 million have been made, this seems a bit low for me

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