Catacombs of Malta - Revision history

Uhai: Adding intentionally blank description

2023-08-08T18:47:24Z

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			{{Short description\|none}} <!-- This short description is INTENTIONALLY "none" - please see WP:SDNONE before you consider changing it! -->
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2018}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2018}}
	__NOTOC__<!--Feel free to enable the table of contents once this article has more content-->		__NOTOC__<!--Feel free to enable the table of contents once this article has more content-->

Srich32977: Cleaned up using AutoEd Adding/removing category/ies; destub

2023-02-04T17:37:43Z

Cleaned up using AutoEd Adding/removing category/ies; destub

← Previous revision		Revision as of 17:37, 4 February 2023
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	==Catacombs of Malta==		==Catacombs of Malta==
	The catacombs include:		The catacombs include:

	* [[Tal-Mintna Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Mqabba]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg>Uwe Jens Rudolf and Warren G Berg. "Heritage Malta" in ''Historical Dictionary of Malta''. Second Edition. Scarecrow Press. 2010. [https://books.google.com/books?id=nwuUOVkaMB0C&pg=PA125 Page 125].</ref>		* [[Tal-Mintna Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Mqabba]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg>Uwe Jens Rudolf and Warren G Berg. "Heritage Malta" in ''Historical Dictionary of Malta''. Second Edition. Scarecrow Press. 2010. [https://books.google.com/books?id=nwuUOVkaMB0C&pg=PA125 Page 125].</ref>
	* [[St. Paul's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref name=DKTop10>Mary-Ann Gallagher. DK Eyewitness Travel: Top 10 Malta & Gozo. Dorling Kindersley. 2007. Revised, 2009. Pages [https://books.google.com/books?id=jnVEsUqTtIgC&pg=PA16 16] and 17.</ref>		* [[St. Paul's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref name=DKTop10>Mary-Ann Gallagher. DK Eyewitness Travel: Top 10 Malta & Gozo. Dorling Kindersley. 2007. Revised, 2009. Pages [https://books.google.com/books?id=jnVEsUqTtIgC&pg=PA16 16] and 17.</ref>
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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	*A A Caruana. Ancient Pagan Tombs and Christian Cemeteries in the Islands of Malta. Government Printing Office. Malta. 1898.		* A A Caruana. Ancient Pagan Tombs and Christian Cemeteries in the Islands of Malta. Government Printing Office. Malta. 1898.
	*A. Mayr, "Die altchristlichen Begrabnisstatten auf Malta" 15 Romische Quartalschrift 216 and 352		* A. Mayr, "Die altchristlichen Begrabnisstatten auf Malta" 15 Romische Quartalschrift 216 and 352
	*Piotr Drag in Barrowclough and Malone (eds). "Cult of the Dead or Cult for the Dead: Studies of Jewish Catacombs in Malta in Context" in ''Cult in Context: Reconsidering Ritual in Archaeology''. Oxbow Books. [https://books.google.com/books?id=6aamAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT298 Chapter 16].		* Piotr Drag in Barrowclough and Malone (eds). "Cult of the Dead or Cult for the Dead: Studies of Jewish Catacombs in Malta in Context" in ''Cult in Context: Reconsidering Ritual in Archaeology''. Oxbow Books. [https://books.google.com/books?id=6aamAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT298 Chapter 16].
	*Camilleri and Gingell-Littlejohn. "The Triclinia in the Catacombs of Malta". In Scibberas (ed). ''Proceedings of History Week 1993''. Historical Society of Malta. 1997.		* Camilleri and Gingell-Littlejohn. "The Triclinia in the Catacombs of Malta". In Scibberas (ed). ''Proceedings of History Week 1993''. Historical Society of Malta. 1997.
	*Mario Buhagiar. The Christianisation of Malta: Catacombs, Cult Centres and Churches in Malta. BAR International Series 1674. Archaeopress. 2007. [https://books.google.com/books?id=9CRmAAAAMAAJ Google Books]. Christian Catacombs, Cult Centres and Churches in Malta to 1530. University of London. 1994.		* Mario Buhagiar. The Christianisation of Malta: Catacombs, Cult Centres and Churches in Malta. BAR International Series 1674. Archaeopress. 2007. [https://books.google.com/books?id=9CRmAAAAMAAJ Google Books]. Christian Catacombs, Cult Centres and Churches in Malta to 1530. University of London. 1994.
	*Rachel Hachlili. "The Hypogea of Malta" in ''Ancient Jewish Art and Archaeology in the Diaspora''. Brill. 1998. [https://books.google.com/books?id=cKGpa-FJ3XsC&pg=PA273 Page 273].		* Rachel Hachlili. "The Hypogea of Malta" in ''Ancient Jewish Art and Archaeology in the Diaspora''. Brill. 1998. [https://books.google.com/books?id=cKGpa-FJ3XsC&pg=PA273 Page 273].
	*George Percy Badger. "Catacombs" in ''Description of Malta and Gozo''. Malta. 1838. [https://books.google.com/books?id=UdENAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA255 Page 255] et seq.		* George Percy Badger. "Catacombs" in ''Description of Malta and Gozo''. Malta. 1838. [https://books.google.com/books?id=UdENAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA255 Page 255] et seq.
	*"Visit to the Catacombs" in "Palestine Mission" 19 Missionary Herald [https://books.google.com/books?id=rJEUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA138 138] (No 5, May 1823)		* "Visit to the Catacombs" in "Palestine Mission" 19 Missionary Herald [https://books.google.com/books?id=rJEUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA138 138] (No 5, May 1823)

	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	*{{cite book \| last = Buhagiar\| first = Mario\| title = Late Roman and Byzantine Catacombs and Related Burial Places in the Maltese Islands\| publisher = British Archaeological Reports \| date = 1986\| location = Oxford}}		* {{cite book \| last = Buhagiar\| first = Mario\| title = Late Roman and Byzantine Catacombs and Related Burial Places in the Maltese Islands\| publisher = British Archaeological Reports \| date = 1986\| location = Oxford}}

	{{Portal bar\|History\|Malta}}		{{Portal bar\|History\|Malta}}
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	[[Category:Archaeology-related lists]]		[[Category:Archaeology-related lists]]
	[[Category:Burials in Malta\|*]]		[[Category:Burials in Malta\|*]]
	[[Category:Lists of buildings and structures in Malta]]
	[[Category:Lists of burials by location\|Malta]]
	[[Category:Malta history-related lists]]		[[Category:Malta history-related lists]]


	{{Malta-geo-stub}}
	{{Europe-archaeology-stub}}

DB1729: added Category:Malta history-related lists using HotCat

2022-05-13T12:59:27Z

added Category:Malta history-related lists using HotCat

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	[[Category:Lists of buildings and structures in Malta]]		[[Category:Lists of buildings and structures in Malta]]
	[[Category:Lists of burials by location\|Malta]]		[[Category:Lists of burials by location\|Malta]]
			[[Category:Malta history-related lists]]

Bis-Serjetà?: linked articles and corrected grammar.

2022-04-13T11:03:59Z

linked articles and corrected grammar.

Rlink2: /* top */Adding web.archive.org links for citations with url-status=live Category:CS1_maint:_url-status

2022-03-12T23:10:32Z

top: Adding web.archive.org links for citations with url-status=live Category:CS1_maint:_url-status

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:10, 12 March 2022
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	Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Mr Vincent Zammit notes that catacombs developed from earlier rock-cut tombs. Wherever burial places were discovered, it is generally presumed that a small community lived in the area. The Maltese catacombs are characterised by spaciousness, smaller extent than those found in other countries, similar in type of tomb to others found around the Mediterranean, but having their own particular type of decorations. Decorations, nevertheless, are rare, which may indicate that with the exception of few families who had their private tombs, the community was not wealthy.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Zammit\|first=Vincent\|date=2008\|title=Characteristics and symbolism in Late Roman and Byzantine burial places in Malta: some considerations\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Mr Vincent Zammit notes that catacombs developed from earlier rock-cut tombs. Wherever burial places were discovered, it is generally presumed that a small community lived in the area. The Maltese catacombs are characterised by spaciousness, smaller extent than those found in other countries, similar in type of tomb to others found around the Mediterranean, but having their own particular type of decorations. Decorations, nevertheless, are rare, which may indicate that with the exception of few families who had their private tombs, the community was not wealthy.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Zammit\|first=Vincent\|date=2008\|title=Characteristics and symbolism in Late Roman and Byzantine burial places in Malta: some considerations\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311091327/http://www.academia.edu:80/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs \|archive-date=11 March 2014 }}</ref>

	Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311091327/http://www.academia.edu:80/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs \|archive-date=11 March 2014 }}</ref>

	==Catacombs of Malta==		==Catacombs of Malta==

Mikiel1981: Added information by Vincent Zammit on characteristics of Maltese catacombs.

2021-03-27T09:02:12Z

Added information by Vincent Zammit on characteristics of Maltese catacombs.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:02, 27 March 2021
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	Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

			Mr Vincent Zammit notes that catacombs developed from earlier rock-cut tombs. Wherever burial places were discovered, it is generally presumed that a small community lived in the area. The Maltese catacombs are characterised by spaciousness, smaller extent than those found in other countries, similar in type of tomb to others found around the Mediterranean, but having their own particular type of decorations. Decorations, nevertheless, are rare, which may indicate that with the exception of few families who had their private tombs, the community was not wealthy.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Zammit\|first=Vincent\|date=2008\|title=Characteristics and symbolism in Late Roman and Byzantine burial places in Malta: some considerations\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>

Mikiel1981: Added a paragraph quoting Prof. George Cassar about the educational value of these sites.

2021-03-27T08:02:36Z

Added a paragraph quoting Prof. George Cassar about the educational value of these sites.

← Previous revision		Revision as of 08:02, 27 March 2021
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	Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

			Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	==Catacombs of Malta==		==Catacombs of Malta==

Mikiel1981: /* Catacombs of Malta */ Added a link to the entry on Mosta where I added information to ta' Bistra Catacombs

2021-03-21T11:53:11Z

Catacombs of Malta: Added a link to the entry on Mosta where I added information to ta' Bistra Catacombs

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:53, 21 March 2021
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	* [[Salina Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Naxxar]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg/>		* [[Salina Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Naxxar]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg/>
	* [[St Augustine's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Roman/Byzantine Malta" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 Page 87].</ref>		* [[St Augustine's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Roman/Byzantine Malta" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 Page 87].</ref>
	* [[Mosta\|Ta' Bistra Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}near Mosta, Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Ta' Bistra Catacombs" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. Page 88</ref>		* [[Mosta#Ta' Bistra Catacombs\|Ta' Bistra Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}near Mosta, Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Ta' Bistra Catacombs" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. Page 88</ref>
	* [[St. Catald's Catacombs]] (''St Catald Catacombs'')		* [[St. Catald's Catacombs]] (''St Catald Catacombs'')

Mikiel1981: /* Catacombs of Malta */ Added a link to the entry on Mosta where I added information to ta' Bistra Catacombs

2021-03-21T11:49:17Z

Catacombs of Malta: Added a link to the entry on Mosta where I added information to ta' Bistra Catacombs

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:49, 21 March 2021
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	* [[Salina Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Naxxar]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg/>		* [[Salina Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Naxxar]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg/>
	* [[St Augustine's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Roman/Byzantine Malta" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 Page 87].</ref>		* [[St Augustine's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Roman/Byzantine Malta" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 Page 87].</ref>
	* [[Ta' Bistra Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}near Mosta, Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Ta' Bistra Catacombs" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. Page 88</ref>		* [[Mosta\|Ta' Bistra Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}near Mosta, Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Ta' Bistra Catacombs" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. Page 88</ref>
	* [[St. Catald's Catacombs]] (''St Catald Catacombs'')		* [[St. Catald's Catacombs]] (''St Catald Catacombs'')

Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 3 templates: del empty params (13×); hyphenate params (2×);

2020-11-29T23:30:42Z

Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 3 templates: del empty params (13×); hyphenate params (2×);

← Previous revision		Revision as of 23:30, 29 November 2020
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	There are hundreds<ref>Harrison Adolphus Lewis. Ancient Malta: A Study of Its Antiquities. Colin Smythe. Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire. 1977. p 133. [https://books.google.com/books?id=id8cAAAAMAAJ Google Books].</ref> of [[catacombs]] in [[Malta]], principally found in the neighbourhood of [[Mdina\|Citta Vecchia]], the old capital of the Island.<ref>"The Catacombs of Malta" in ''The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction''. J Limbird. Strand, London. 1838. Volume 32. [https://books.google.com/books?id=lbwRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA85 Page 85]. Malta Paper. June 1838.</ref> The catacombs are very small, but are in good preservation.<ref>James Elmes. "Catacombs" in ''A General and Bibliographic Dictionary of the Fine Arts''. Thomas Tegg. London. 1826. Page 181 at [https://books.google.com/books?id=iyhhAAAAcAAJ&pg=PT182 182].</ref>		There are hundreds<ref>Harrison Adolphus Lewis. Ancient Malta: A Study of Its Antiquities. Colin Smythe. Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire. 1977. p 133. [https://books.google.com/books?id=id8cAAAAMAAJ Google Books].</ref> of [[catacombs]] in [[Malta]], principally found in the neighbourhood of [[Mdina\|Citta Vecchia]], the old capital of the Island.<ref>"The Catacombs of Malta" in ''The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction''. J Limbird. Strand, London. 1838. Volume 32. [https://books.google.com/books?id=lbwRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA85 Page 85]. Malta Paper. June 1838.</ref> The catacombs are very small, but are in good preservation.<ref>James Elmes. "Catacombs" in ''A General and Bibliographic Dictionary of the Fine Arts''. Thomas Tegg. London. 1826. Page 181 at [https://books.google.com/books?id=iyhhAAAAcAAJ&pg=PT182 182].</ref>

	Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|~~archiveurl~~=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|~~archivedate~~=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	==Catacombs of Malta==		==Catacombs of Malta==
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	==Further reading==		==Further reading==
	*{{cite book \| last = Buhagiar\| first = Mario~~\| authorlink =~~ \| title = Late Roman and Byzantine Catacombs and Related Burial Places in the Maltese Islands\| publisher = British Archaeological Reports ~~\| series = \| volume = \| edition =~~ \| date = 1986\| location = Oxford~~\| pages = \| language = \| url = \| doi = \| id = \| isbn = \| mr = \| zbl = \| jfm =~~ }}		*{{cite book \| last = Buhagiar\| first = Mario\| title = Late Roman and Byzantine Catacombs and Related Burial Places in the Maltese Islands\| publisher = British Archaeological Reports \| date = 1986\| location = Oxford}}

	{{Portal bar\|History\|Malta}}		{{Portal bar\|History\|Malta}}

← Previous revision		Revision as of 09:02, 27 March 2021
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	Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

			Mr Vincent Zammit notes that catacombs developed from earlier rock-cut tombs. Wherever burial places were discovered, it is generally presumed that a small community lived in the area. The Maltese catacombs are characterised by spaciousness, smaller extent than those found in other countries, similar in type of tomb to others found around the Mediterranean, but having their own particular type of decorations. Decorations, nevertheless, are rare, which may indicate that with the exception of few families who had their private tombs, the community was not wealthy.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Zammit\|first=Vincent\|date=2008\|title=Characteristics and symbolism in Late Roman and Byzantine burial places in Malta: some considerations\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>		Prof. George Cassar observes that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilize to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live}}</ref>

← Previous revision		Revision as of 11:03, 13 April 2022
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	[[File:Salina Catacombs 1.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Entrances to the [[Salina Catacombs]]]]		[[File:Salina Catacombs 1.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|Entrances to the [[Salina Catacombs]]]]

	There are hundreds<ref>Harrison Adolphus Lewis. Ancient Malta: A Study of Its Antiquities. Colin Smythe. Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire. 1977. p 133. [https://books.google.com/books?id=id8cAAAAMAAJ Google Books].</ref> of [[catacombs]] in [[Malta]], principally found in ~~the neighbourhood of~~ [[Mdina~~\|Citta Vecchia~~]], the ~~old~~ capital of the ~~Island~~.<ref>"The Catacombs of Malta" in ''The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction''. J Limbird. Strand, London. 1838. Volume 32. [https://books.google.com/books?id=lbwRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA85 Page 85]. Malta Paper. June 1838.</ref> The catacombs are very small, but are in good preservation.<ref>James Elmes. "Catacombs" in ''A General and Bibliographic Dictionary of the Fine Arts''. Thomas Tegg. London. 1826. Page 181 at [https://books.google.com/books?id=iyhhAAAAcAAJ&pg=PT182 182].</ref>		There are hundreds<ref>Harrison Adolphus Lewis. Ancient Malta: A Study of Its Antiquities. Colin Smythe. Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire. 1977. p 133. [https://books.google.com/books?id=id8cAAAAMAAJ Google Books].</ref> of [[catacombs]] in [[Malta]], principally found in [[Mdina]], the former capital of the island.<ref>"The Catacombs of Malta" in ''The Mirror of Literature, Amusement and Instruction''. J Limbird. Strand, London. 1838. Volume 32. [https://books.google.com/books?id=lbwRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA85 Page 85]. Malta Paper. June 1838.</ref> The catacombs are very small, but are in good preservation.<ref>James Elmes. "Catacombs" in ''A General and Bibliographic Dictionary of the Fine Arts''. Thomas Tegg. London. 1826. Page 181 at [https://books.google.com/books?id=iyhhAAAAcAAJ&pg=PT182 182].</ref>

	Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Many of the catacombs were included on the Antiquities List of 1925.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939. \|url=https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|website=[[Malta Environment and Planning Authority]] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419101304/https://www.mepa.org.mt/file.aspx?f=2627 \|archive-date=19 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Mr Vincent Zammit notes that catacombs developed from earlier rock-cut tombs. Wherever burial places were discovered, it is generally presumed that a small community lived in the area. The ~~Maltese~~ catacombs are characterised by spaciousness, smaller extent than those found in other countries, similar in ~~type~~ of ~~tomb~~ to others found around the Mediterranean, but having their own particular type of decorations. Decorations, nevertheless, are rare, which may indicate that with the exception of few families who had their private tombs, the community was not wealthy.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Zammit\|first=Vincent\|date=2008\|title=Characteristics and symbolism in Late Roman and Byzantine burial places in Malta: some considerations\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311091327/http://www.academia.edu:80/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs \|archive-date=11 March 2014 }}</ref>		Vincent Zammit notes that catacombs developed from earlier rock-cut tombs. Wherever burial places were discovered, it is generally presumed that a small community lived in the area. The catacombs are characterised by spaciousness, a smaller extent than those found in other countries, similar in types of tombs to others found around the [[Mediterranean Sea\|Mediterranean]], but having their own particular type of decorations. Decorations, nevertheless, are rare, which may indicate that with the exception of a few families who had their own private tombs, the community was not wealthy.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Zammit\|first=Vincent\|date=2008\|title=Characteristics and symbolism in Late Roman and Byzantine burial places in Malta: some considerations\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311091327/http://www.academia.edu:80/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs \|archive-date=11 March 2014 }}</ref>

	Prof. George Cassar ~~observes~~ that the catacombs of Malta have educational value: "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can ~~utilize~~ to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311091327/http://www.academia.edu:80/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs \|archive-date=11 March 2014 }}</ref>		Prof. George Cassar observed that the catacombs of Malta have educational value. "They are the key to the understanding of the development of religious rites and beliefs and indicate the birth and spread of Christianity among the small community of Maltese living on the islands. This mysterious yet concrete environment helps towards the creation of a pedagogical setting which the educator can utilise to the full."<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cassar\|first=George\|date=2008\|title=The educational value of paleo-Christian sites\|url=https://www.academia.edu/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311091327/http://www.academia.edu:80/402767/Report_on_the_State_of_Conservation_of_Ta_Bistra_Catacombs \|archive-date=11 March 2014 }}</ref>

	==Catacombs of Malta==		==Catacombs of Malta==
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	* [[Salina Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Naxxar]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg/>		* [[Salina Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}} [[Naxxar]], Malta<ref name=rudolfandberg/>
	* [[St Augustine's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Roman/Byzantine Malta" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 Page 87].</ref>		* [[St Augustine's Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Roman/Byzantine Malta" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 Page 87].</ref>
	* [[Mosta#Ta' Bistra Catacombs\|Ta' Bistra Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}near Mosta, Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Ta' Bistra Catacombs" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. Page 88</ref>		* [[Mosta#Ta' Bistra Catacombs\|Ta' Bistra Catacombs]]{{spaced ndash}}near [[Mosta]], Malta<ref>Juliet Rix. "Ta' Bistra Catacombs" in ''Malta and Gozo''. Third edition. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. November 2015. Page 88</ref>
	* [[St. Catald's Catacombs]] ~~(''St~~ ~~Catald~~ ~~Catacombs'')~~		* [[St. Catald's Catacombs\|St. Cataldus Catacombs]] {{spaced ndash}}[[Rabat, Malta\|Rabat]], Malta.

	There are ~~several~~ other catacombs in Malta.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Archivum%20Melitense/AM.01(1910-1912)/5%20AM.%201(1911-1912)08-10/03.pdf \|title=here \|access-date=8 July 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416023136/http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Archivum%20Melitense/AM.01(1910-1912)/5%20AM.%201(1911-1912)08-10/03.pdf \|archive-date=16 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		There are many other catacombs in Malta.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Archivum%20Melitense/AM.01(1910-1912)/5%20AM.%201(1911-1912)08-10/03.pdf \|title=here \|access-date=8 July 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416023136/http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Archivum%20Melitense/AM.01(1910-1912)/5%20AM.%201(1911-1912)08-10/03.pdf \|archive-date=16 April 2016 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	==References==		==References==