Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Noosphere

2008-08-14T19:29:37Z

212.198.138.73: Link

In the thought of [[Vladimir Vernadsky]] and [[Teilhard de Chardin]], the '''noosphere''' (sometimes spelled '''nöosphere''') can be seen as the "[[theory of mind|sphere]] of human thought" being derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''νούς'' ("[[nous]]") meaning "[[mind]]" + ''σφαίρα'' (''sfaira'') meaning "[[sphere]]", in the style of "[[Earth's atmosphere|atmosphere]]" and "[[biosphere]]". In the original theory of [[Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky|Vernadsky]], the noosphere is the third in a succession of phases of development of the Earth, after the [[geosphere]] (inanimate matter) and the [[biosphere]] (biological life). Just as the emergence of life fundamentally transformed the geosphere, the emergence of human [[cognition]] fundamentally transforms the biosphere. In contrast to the conceptions of the [[Gaia Theory|Gaia theorists]], or the promoters of [[cyberspace]], Vernadsky's noosphere emerges at the point where humankind, through the mastery of nuclear processes, begins to create resources through the [[Nuclear transmutation|transmutation]] of elements.

For Teilhard, the noosphere is best described as a sort of 'collective consciousness' of human-beings. It emerges from the interaction of human minds. The noosphere has grown in step with the organization of the human mass in relation to itself as it populates the earth. As mankind organizes itself in more complex [[social networks]], the higher the noosphere will grow in awareness. This is an extension of Teilhard's [[Law of Complexity/Consciousness]], the law describing the nature of evolution in the universe. [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]], added that the noosphere is growing towards an even greater integration and unification, culminating in the [[Omega Point]]—which he saw as the goal of history.

The noosphere concept of 'unification' was elaborated in popular science fiction by [[Julian May]] in the [[Galactic Milieu Series]]. It is also the reason Teilhard is often called the patron saint of the Internet<ref>However, the Vatican's position is to say [[Isidore of Seville]] is the patron saint of internauts, because of his pioneering work on [[indexing]]; see [[:fr:Classement Alphabétique#Historique]]</ref>

==History of concept==
One of the original aspects of the noosphere concept deals with [[evolution]]. [[Henri Bergson]] (1907) was one of the first to propose that evolution is 'creative' and cannot necessarily be explained solely by Darwinian natural selection. ''L'évolution créatrice'' is upheld, according to Bergson, by a constant [[vital force]] that animates life and fundamentally connects mind and body, an idea opposing the dualism of [[René Descartes]]. In 1923, [[C. Lloyd Morgan]] took this work further, elaborating on an '[[emergent evolution]]' that could explain increasing [[complexity]] (including the evolution of mind). Morgan found that many of the most interesting changes in living things have been largely discontinuous with past evolution, and therefore did not necessarily take place through a gradual process of natural selection. Rather, evolution experiences jumps in complexity (such as the emergence of a self-reflective universe, or noosphere). Finally, the complexification of human cultures, particularly language, facilitated a quickening of evolution in which cultural evolution occurs more rapidly than biological evolution. Recent understanding of human ecosystems and of human impact on the biosphere have led to a link between the notion of sustainability with the "co-evolution" [Norgaard, 1994] and harmonization of cultural and biological evolution.

The resulting political system has been referred to as a [[noocracy]].

American [[integral theory|integral theorist]] [[Ken Wilber]] deals with this third evolution of the noosphere. In his work, ''[[Sex, Ecology, Spirituality]]'' (1995), he builds many of his arguments on the emergence of the noosphere and the continued emergence of further evolutionary structures.

U.S. Politician [[Lyndon LaRouche]], and his political organization, has published many articles, pamphlets, and short books pertaining to the importance of the Noosphere in human development.

History of this expression:
* [[Henri Bergson]]'s ''[[Creative Evolution (book)|L'évolution créatrice]]'' (1907)
* E. LeRoy's ''Les origines humaines et l'évolution de l'intelligence'' ([[1928]])
* [[Vladimir I. Vernadsky]] ([[1863]]-[[1945]])
* [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]] ([[1881]]-[[1955]])
* [[David Ronfeldt]] and [[John Arquilla]]

==Other uses==
The software used at [[PlanetMath]] is named "[[Noösphere]]".<BR>A rock band hailing from Philadelphia, PA goes by the name of Noosphere.

Ambient dance group [[The Orb]], in the track 'O.O.B.E.' from the album [[U.F.Orb]], use a sample from the reading of ''New Pathways to Psychology'' by Colin Wilson, who discusses the concept of the Noösphere.

==See also==
{{col-begin}}{{col-3}}
'''Topics'''
* [[Collective unconscious]]
* [[Emergy Synthesis]]
* [[Global brain]]
* [[Ideosphere]]
* [[Infosphere]]
* [[Memetics]]
* [[Noetic]]
* [[Noocracy]]
* [[Novelty theory]]
* [[Semiosphere]]
* [[Technological singularity]]
* [[Universal evolution]]
{{col-break}}
'''People'''
* [[Stewart Brand]]
* [[Richard Maurice Bucke]]
* [[Manuel DeLanda]]
* [[Gilles Deleuze]]
* [[Buckminster Fuller]]
* [[Gerald Heard]]
* [[Hazel Henderson]]
* [[Jean Houston]]
* [[Carl Jung]]
* [[Lewis Mumford]]
* [[Mordekhay Nesiyahu]]
* [[Ken Wilber]]
* [[Arthur M. Young]]
* [[Teilhard de Chardin]]
{{col-break}}
'''Media'''
* ''[[Blood Music]]'' (science fiction novel about "noocytes")
* [[Human Instrumentality Project]], a fictional concept in ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise|Neon Genesis Evangelion]]''
* ''[[Serial Experiments Lain]]''
* Japanese [[Cyberpunk]] [[Anime]] series: ''[[Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex 2nd GIG]]''
{{col-end}}

== References ==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
*Paul R. Samson and David Pitt (eds.)(1999), ''The Biosphere and Noosphere Reader: Global Environment, Society and Change''. ISBN 0-415-16644-6
*[http://fis.iguw.tuwien.ac.at/fis96/programme.html "The Quest for a Unified Theory of Information"], ''World Futures'', Volumes 49 (3-4) & 50 (1-4) 1997, Special Issue
*[[Eric S. Raymond|Raymond, Eric]] (2000), "[[Homesteading the Noosphere]]", [http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/homesteading/ available online.]
*Norgaard, R. B. (1994). ''Development betrayed: the end of progress and a coevolutionary revisioning of the future''. London; New York, Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06862-2

</div>

== External links ==
{{Wiktionary}}
* http://noosphere.cc/
* http://www.lawoftime.org/GRI/GRI.html# The Place of the Noosphere in Cosmic Evolution (pdf)
* http://noosphere.princeton.edu/ Global Consciousness project at Princeton
* http://transhumanism.org/index.php/WTA/declaration/
* http://www.odeo.com/channel/105280 "Just Say Yes to the Noosphere", a Podcast from Stanford Law School
* [http://omegapoint.org Omega Point Institute] Noosphere, Global Thought, Future Studies
* [http://www.homonoeticus.info Noosphere and Homo Noeticus]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Noosphere}}
[[Category:Superorganisms]]
[[Category:Cyberspace]]
[[Category:Greek loanwords]]

[[cs:Noosféra]]
[[de:Noosphäre]]
[[et:Noosfäär]]
[[es:Noosfera]]
[[eo:Noosfero]]
[[fr:Noosphère]]
[[it:Noosfera]]
[[he:נוספירה]]
[[kk:Ноосфера]]
[[hu:Nooszféra]]
[[ja:ノウアスフィア]]
[[pl:Noosfera]]
[[pt:Noosfera]]
[[ru:Ноосфера]]
[[sk:Noosféra]]
[[uk:Ноосфера]]

Noosphere

2008-08-14T19:28:36Z

212.198.138.73:

In the thought of [[Vladimir Vernadsky]] and [[Teilhard de Chardin]], the '''noosphere''' (sometimes spelled '''nöosphere''') can be seen as the "[[theory of mind|sphere]] of human thought" being derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''νούς'' ("[[nous]]") meaning "[[mind]]" + ''σφαίρα'' (''sfaira'') meaning "[[sphere]]", in the style of "[[Earth's atmosphere|atmosphere]]" and "[[biosphere]]". In the original theory of [[Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky|Vernadsky]], the noosphere is the third in a succession of phases of development of the Earth, after the [[geosphere]] (inanimate matter) and the [[biosphere]] (biological life). Just as the emergence of life fundamentally transformed the geosphere, the emergence of human [[cognition]] fundamentally transforms the biosphere. In contrast to the conceptions of the [[Gaia Theory|Gaia theorists]], or the promoters of [[cyberspace]], Vernadsky's noosphere emerges at the point where humankind, through the mastery of nuclear processes, begins to create resources through the [[Nuclear transmutation|transmutation]] of elements.

For Teilhard, the noosphere is best described as a sort of 'collective consciousness' of human-beings. It emerges from the interaction of human minds. The noosphere has grown in step with the organization of the human mass in relation to itself as it populates the earth. As mankind organizes itself in more complex [[social networks]], the higher the noosphere will grow in awareness. This is an extension of Teilhard's [[Law of Complexity/Consciousness]], the law describing the nature of evolution in the universe. [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]], added that the noosphere is growing towards an even greater integration and unification, culminating in the [[Omega Point]]—which he saw as the goal of history.

The noosphere concept of 'unification' was elaborated in popular science fiction by [[Julian May]] in the [[Galactic Milieu Series]]. It is also the reason Teilhard is often called the patron saint of the Internet<ref>However, the Vatican's position is to say [[Isidore of Seville]] is the patron saint of internauts, because of his pioneering work on [[indexing]]; see [[:fr:Classement Alphabétique]]</ref>

==History of concept==
One of the original aspects of the noosphere concept deals with [[evolution]]. [[Henri Bergson]] (1907) was one of the first to propose that evolution is 'creative' and cannot necessarily be explained solely by Darwinian natural selection. ''L'évolution créatrice'' is upheld, according to Bergson, by a constant [[vital force]] that animates life and fundamentally connects mind and body, an idea opposing the dualism of [[René Descartes]]. In 1923, [[C. Lloyd Morgan]] took this work further, elaborating on an '[[emergent evolution]]' that could explain increasing [[complexity]] (including the evolution of mind). Morgan found that many of the most interesting changes in living things have been largely discontinuous with past evolution, and therefore did not necessarily take place through a gradual process of natural selection. Rather, evolution experiences jumps in complexity (such as the emergence of a self-reflective universe, or noosphere). Finally, the complexification of human cultures, particularly language, facilitated a quickening of evolution in which cultural evolution occurs more rapidly than biological evolution. Recent understanding of human ecosystems and of human impact on the biosphere have led to a link between the notion of sustainability with the "co-evolution" [Norgaard, 1994] and harmonization of cultural and biological evolution.

The resulting political system has been referred to as a [[noocracy]].

American [[integral theory|integral theorist]] [[Ken Wilber]] deals with this third evolution of the noosphere. In his work, ''[[Sex, Ecology, Spirituality]]'' (1995), he builds many of his arguments on the emergence of the noosphere and the continued emergence of further evolutionary structures.

U.S. Politician [[Lyndon LaRouche]], and his political organization, has published many articles, pamphlets, and short books pertaining to the importance of the Noosphere in human development.

History of this expression:
* [[Henri Bergson]]'s ''[[Creative Evolution (book)|L'évolution créatrice]]'' (1907)
* E. LeRoy's ''Les origines humaines et l'évolution de l'intelligence'' ([[1928]])
* [[Vladimir I. Vernadsky]] ([[1863]]-[[1945]])
* [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]] ([[1881]]-[[1955]])
* [[David Ronfeldt]] and [[John Arquilla]]

==Other uses==
The software used at [[PlanetMath]] is named "[[Noösphere]]".<BR>A rock band hailing from Philadelphia, PA goes by the name of Noosphere.

Ambient dance group [[The Orb]], in the track 'O.O.B.E.' from the album [[U.F.Orb]], use a sample from the reading of ''New Pathways to Psychology'' by Colin Wilson, who discusses the concept of the Noösphere.

==See also==
{{col-begin}}{{col-3}}
'''Topics'''
* [[Collective unconscious]]
* [[Emergy Synthesis]]
* [[Global brain]]
* [[Ideosphere]]
* [[Infosphere]]
* [[Memetics]]
* [[Noetic]]
* [[Noocracy]]
* [[Novelty theory]]
* [[Semiosphere]]
* [[Technological singularity]]
* [[Universal evolution]]
{{col-break}}
'''People'''
* [[Stewart Brand]]
* [[Richard Maurice Bucke]]
* [[Manuel DeLanda]]
* [[Gilles Deleuze]]
* [[Buckminster Fuller]]
* [[Gerald Heard]]
* [[Hazel Henderson]]
* [[Jean Houston]]
* [[Carl Jung]]
* [[Lewis Mumford]]
* [[Mordekhay Nesiyahu]]
* [[Ken Wilber]]
* [[Arthur M. Young]]
* [[Teilhard de Chardin]]
{{col-break}}
'''Media'''
* ''[[Blood Music]]'' (science fiction novel about "noocytes")
* [[Human Instrumentality Project]], a fictional concept in ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise|Neon Genesis Evangelion]]''
* ''[[Serial Experiments Lain]]''
* Japanese [[Cyberpunk]] [[Anime]] series: ''[[Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex 2nd GIG]]''
{{col-end}}

== References ==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
*Paul R. Samson and David Pitt (eds.)(1999), ''The Biosphere and Noosphere Reader: Global Environment, Society and Change''. ISBN 0-415-16644-6
*[http://fis.iguw.tuwien.ac.at/fis96/programme.html "The Quest for a Unified Theory of Information"], ''World Futures'', Volumes 49 (3-4) & 50 (1-4) 1997, Special Issue
*[[Eric S. Raymond|Raymond, Eric]] (2000), "[[Homesteading the Noosphere]]", [http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/homesteading/ available online.]
*Norgaard, R. B. (1994). ''Development betrayed: the end of progress and a coevolutionary revisioning of the future''. London; New York, Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06862-2

</div>

== External links ==
{{Wiktionary}}
* http://noosphere.cc/
* http://www.lawoftime.org/GRI/GRI.html# The Place of the Noosphere in Cosmic Evolution (pdf)
* http://noosphere.princeton.edu/ Global Consciousness project at Princeton
* http://transhumanism.org/index.php/WTA/declaration/
* http://www.odeo.com/channel/105280 "Just Say Yes to the Noosphere", a Podcast from Stanford Law School
* [http://omegapoint.org Omega Point Institute] Noosphere, Global Thought, Future Studies
* [http://www.homonoeticus.info Noosphere and Homo Noeticus]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Noosphere}}
[[Category:Superorganisms]]
[[Category:Cyberspace]]
[[Category:Greek loanwords]]

[[cs:Noosféra]]
[[de:Noosphäre]]
[[et:Noosfäär]]
[[es:Noosfera]]
[[eo:Noosfero]]
[[fr:Noosphère]]
[[it:Noosfera]]
[[he:נוספירה]]
[[kk:Ноосфера]]
[[hu:Nooszféra]]
[[ja:ノウアスフィア]]
[[pl:Noosfera]]
[[pt:Noosfera]]
[[ru:Ноосфера]]
[[sk:Noosféra]]
[[uk:Ноосфера]]

Noosphere

2008-08-14T19:25:33Z

212.198.138.73: Isidore of Seville (and short explanation why)

In the thought of [[Vladimir Vernadsky]] and [[Teilhard de Chardin]], the '''noosphere''' (sometimes spelled '''nöosphere''') can be seen as the "[[theory of mind|sphere]] of human thought" being derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''νούς'' ("[[nous]]") meaning "[[mind]]" + ''σφαίρα'' (''sfaira'') meaning "[[sphere]]", in the style of "[[Earth's atmosphere|atmosphere]]" and "[[biosphere]]". In the original theory of [[Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky|Vernadsky]], the noosphere is the third in a succession of phases of development of the Earth, after the [[geosphere]] (inanimate matter) and the [[biosphere]] (biological life). Just as the emergence of life fundamentally transformed the geosphere, the emergence of human [[cognition]] fundamentally transforms the biosphere. In contrast to the conceptions of the [[Gaia Theory|Gaia theorists]], or the promoters of [[cyberspace]], Vernadsky's noosphere emerges at the point where humankind, through the mastery of nuclear processes, begins to create resources through the [[Nuclear transmutation|transmutation]] of elements.

For Teilhard, the noosphere is best described as a sort of 'collective consciousness' of human-beings. It emerges from the interaction of human minds. The noosphere has grown in step with the organization of the human mass in relation to itself as it populates the earth. As mankind organizes itself in more complex [[social networks]], the higher the noosphere will grow in awareness. This is an extension of Teilhard's [[Law of Complexity/Consciousness]], the law describing the nature of evolution in the universe. [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]], added that the noosphere is growing towards an even greater integration and unification, culminating in the [[Omega Point]]—which he saw as the goal of history.

The noosphere concept of 'unification' was elaborated in popular science fiction by [[Julian May]] in the [[Galactic Milieu Series]]. It is also the reason Teilhard is often called the patron saint of the Internet<ref>However, the Vatican's position is to say [[Isidore of Seville]] is the patron saint of internauts, because of his pioneering work on [[indexing]]</ref>

==History of concept==
One of the original aspects of the noosphere concept deals with [[evolution]]. [[Henri Bergson]] (1907) was one of the first to propose that evolution is 'creative' and cannot necessarily be explained solely by Darwinian natural selection. ''L'évolution créatrice'' is upheld, according to Bergson, by a constant [[vital force]] that animates life and fundamentally connects mind and body, an idea opposing the dualism of [[René Descartes]]. In 1923, [[C. Lloyd Morgan]] took this work further, elaborating on an '[[emergent evolution]]' that could explain increasing [[complexity]] (including the evolution of mind). Morgan found that many of the most interesting changes in living things have been largely discontinuous with past evolution, and therefore did not necessarily take place through a gradual process of natural selection. Rather, evolution experiences jumps in complexity (such as the emergence of a self-reflective universe, or noosphere). Finally, the complexification of human cultures, particularly language, facilitated a quickening of evolution in which cultural evolution occurs more rapidly than biological evolution. Recent understanding of human ecosystems and of human impact on the biosphere have led to a link between the notion of sustainability with the "co-evolution" [Norgaard, 1994] and harmonization of cultural and biological evolution.

The resulting political system has been referred to as a [[noocracy]].

American [[integral theory|integral theorist]] [[Ken Wilber]] deals with this third evolution of the noosphere. In his work, ''[[Sex, Ecology, Spirituality]]'' (1995), he builds many of his arguments on the emergence of the noosphere and the continued emergence of further evolutionary structures.

U.S. Politician [[Lyndon LaRouche]], and his political organization, has published many articles, pamphlets, and short books pertaining to the importance of the Noosphere in human development.

History of this expression:
* [[Henri Bergson]]'s ''[[Creative Evolution (book)|L'évolution créatrice]]'' (1907)
* E. LeRoy's ''Les origines humaines et l'évolution de l'intelligence'' ([[1928]])
* [[Vladimir I. Vernadsky]] ([[1863]]-[[1945]])
* [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]] ([[1881]]-[[1955]])
* [[David Ronfeldt]] and [[John Arquilla]]

==Other uses==
The software used at [[PlanetMath]] is named "[[Noösphere]]".<BR>A rock band hailing from Philadelphia, PA goes by the name of Noosphere.

Ambient dance group [[The Orb]], in the track 'O.O.B.E.' from the album [[U.F.Orb]], use a sample from the reading of ''New Pathways to Psychology'' by Colin Wilson, who discusses the concept of the Noösphere.

==See also==
{{col-begin}}{{col-3}}
'''Topics'''
* [[Collective unconscious]]
* [[Emergy Synthesis]]
* [[Global brain]]
* [[Ideosphere]]
* [[Infosphere]]
* [[Memetics]]
* [[Noetic]]
* [[Noocracy]]
* [[Novelty theory]]
* [[Semiosphere]]
* [[Technological singularity]]
* [[Universal evolution]]
{{col-break}}
'''People'''
* [[Stewart Brand]]
* [[Richard Maurice Bucke]]
* [[Manuel DeLanda]]
* [[Gilles Deleuze]]
* [[Buckminster Fuller]]
* [[Gerald Heard]]
* [[Hazel Henderson]]
* [[Jean Houston]]
* [[Carl Jung]]
* [[Lewis Mumford]]
* [[Mordekhay Nesiyahu]]
* [[Ken Wilber]]
* [[Arthur M. Young]]
* [[Teilhard de Chardin]]
{{col-break}}
'''Media'''
* ''[[Blood Music]]'' (science fiction novel about "noocytes")
* [[Human Instrumentality Project]], a fictional concept in ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise|Neon Genesis Evangelion]]''
* ''[[Serial Experiments Lain]]''
* Japanese [[Cyberpunk]] [[Anime]] series: ''[[Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG|Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex 2nd GIG]]''
{{col-end}}

== References ==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
*Paul R. Samson and David Pitt (eds.)(1999), ''The Biosphere and Noosphere Reader: Global Environment, Society and Change''. ISBN 0-415-16644-6
*[http://fis.iguw.tuwien.ac.at/fis96/programme.html "The Quest for a Unified Theory of Information"], ''World Futures'', Volumes 49 (3-4) & 50 (1-4) 1997, Special Issue
*[[Eric S. Raymond|Raymond, Eric]] (2000), "[[Homesteading the Noosphere]]", [http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/homesteading/ available online.]
*Norgaard, R. B. (1994). ''Development betrayed: the end of progress and a coevolutionary revisioning of the future''. London; New York, Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06862-2

</div>

== External links ==
{{Wiktionary}}
* http://noosphere.cc/
* http://www.lawoftime.org/GRI/GRI.html# The Place of the Noosphere in Cosmic Evolution (pdf)
* http://noosphere.princeton.edu/ Global Consciousness project at Princeton
* http://transhumanism.org/index.php/WTA/declaration/
* http://www.odeo.com/channel/105280 "Just Say Yes to the Noosphere", a Podcast from Stanford Law School
* [http://omegapoint.org Omega Point Institute] Noosphere, Global Thought, Future Studies
* [http://www.homonoeticus.info Noosphere and Homo Noeticus]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Noosphere}}
[[Category:Superorganisms]]
[[Category:Cyberspace]]
[[Category:Greek loanwords]]

[[cs:Noosféra]]
[[de:Noosphäre]]
[[et:Noosfäär]]
[[es:Noosfera]]
[[eo:Noosfero]]
[[fr:Noosphère]]
[[it:Noosfera]]
[[he:נוספירה]]
[[kk:Ноосфера]]
[[hu:Nooszféra]]
[[ja:ノウアスフィア]]
[[pl:Noosfera]]
[[pt:Noosfera]]
[[ru:Ноосфера]]
[[sk:Noosféra]]
[[uk:Ноосфера]]

I'm Not Like Everybody Else

2008-08-13T11:23:50Z

212.198.138.73: IBM TV campaign track

{{Infobox Song 
| Name =I'm Not Like Everybody Else
| Cover =SunnyAfternoon45.jpg
| Caption =Single cover
| Type =B-side to "[[Sunny Afternoon]]"
| Artist =[[The Kinks]]
| alt Artist =
| Published =
| Released =[[3 June]], 1966 <small>(UK)</small><br>July, 1966 <small>(US)</small>
| track_no =
| Recorded =[[12 May]], 1966; Pye Studios (No.2), London
| Genre =
| Length =
| Writer =[[Ray Davies]]
| Composer =
| Label =[[Pye Records|Pye]] <small>7N 17125 (UK)</small><br>[[Reprise Records|Reprise]] <small>0497 (US)</small>
| Producer =[[Shel Talmy]]
| Tracks =
| prev =
| prev_no =
| next =
| next_no =
| Misc =
}}
'''"I'm Not Like Everybody Else"''' is a song by [[The Kinks]], first released as the B-side to their single "[[Sunny Afternoon]]". Written by Ray Davies, the song is sung by his brother [[Dave Davies|Dave]]. It appears as a bonus track on the CD reissue of ''[[Face to Face (The Kinks album)|Face to Face]]''.

The track, amongst many others, was reworked by the Kinks in their 1996 release ''To the Bone''.

The 90s version featured in episode 62 of [[the Sopranos]].<ref name="sopranos">{{cite web|url=http://www.hbo.com/sopranos/music/episode62.shtml |title= Sopranos Episode Guide:Music|accessdate=2007-09-25 |last=|first=|authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |year= |month= |publisher=}}</ref>

American rock band [[Everybody Else]] takes their name from this song.<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:acfixqudldse Everybody Else] at [[Allmusic]]</ref>

This song has been covered by several bands adding an ironic flare to the song. In 1968 it appeared the [[the Chocolate Watchband]]'s second full-length album 'The Inner Mystique'
1968 - The Inner Mystique - Tower LP 5106 (US)

[[Camper Van Beethoven]] also covered the Chocolate Watchbands' version in true Camper style by covering a cover of a song about being unique. This version first appeared on their compilation album 'Camper Vantiquities' in 1993.

Ray Davies has been using the song as an opening number in his 2006-2008 solo live appearances. The song neatly sums up (and simultaneously laments) the philosophy that has driven his long musical career.

An excerpt of the track has also been used as the base sound for an [[IBM]] worldwide TV campaign advertising personalized services.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:1966 songs]]
[[Category:1966 singles]]
[[Category:The Kinks songs]]
{{1960s-song-stub}}

Google Trends

2008-08-13T02:28:48Z

212.198.138.73: /* Background */

{{Beta software}}
[[Image:Trends.png|thumb|400px|right|[[Color coded]] searching and comparing]]

'''Google Trends''' is a tool from [[Google Labs]] that shows the most popularly searched terms from the beginning of 2004 to now.

==Background==
Google Trends charts how often a particular search term is entered relative the total search volume across various regions of the world, and in various languages. The horizontal axis of the main graph represents time (starting from some time in 2004), and the vertical is how often a term is searched for relative to the total number of searches, globally.<ref>[http://www.google.com/intl/en/trends/about.html#1 http://www.google.com/intl/en/trends/about.html#1]</ref> Below the main graph, popularity is broken down by region, city and language. It is possible to refine the main graph by region and time period.

Google Trends also allows the user to compare the volume of searches between two or more terms.
An additional feature of Google Trends is in its ability to show news related to the search term overlaid on the chart showing how new events affect search popularity.

Interestingly, there are some search keywords that are quite seasonal, like [[summer camps]], which strongly coincides with the end of the United States school year.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=summer+camps http://www.google.com/trends?q=summer+camps]</ref> Another example is the increase of interest in skin cancer as the northern summer approaches.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=skin+cancer http://www.google.com/trends?q=skin+cancer]</ref> However, the reason for seasonal variation is not always obvious. For example, searches for [[Mesopotamia]] peak at the end of September.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=Mesopotamia http://www.google.com/trends?q=Mesopotamia]</ref>

There are also some search keywords that come up around a certain date each year. For example, searches for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] peak on [[April 15]], the deadline for filing taxes in the United States.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=IRS http://www.google.com/trends?q=IRS]</ref> Another example is [[Thanksgiving]].<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=thanksgiving http://www.google.com/trends?q=thanksgiving]</ref> Most searches also seem to have some anomaly before or after Christmas each year, even terms that one would not particularly associate with the season. One such word is [[MATLAB]], a commonly used computation program.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=MATLAB http://www.google.com/trends?q=MATLAB]</ref>. "[[The Twilight Zone|Twilight zone]]" displays a strange peak every 6 months.

Originally, Google neglected updating Google Trends on a regular basis. In March 2007, internet bloggers noticed that Google had not added new data since November 2006, and Trends was updated within a week. Google did not update Trends from March until [[July 30]], and only after it was blogged about, again.<ref>[http://google.blognewschannel.com/archives/2007/07/30/success-google-trends-updated/ Success! Google Trends Updated] ''InsideGoogle'', 30 July 2007.</ref> Google now claims to be "updating the information provided by Google Trends daily; Hot Trends is updated hourly."

On August 6, 2008, Google launched a free service called Insights for Search. Insights for Search is an extension of Google Trends and although the tool is meant for marketers, it can be utilized by any user. The tool allows for the tracking of various words and phrases that are typed into Google’s search box. The tracking device provided a more indepth analysis of results. It also has the ability to categorize and organize the data, with special attention given to the breakdown of information by geographical areas. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/06/business/media/06adco.html?ref=business | title="Google’s New Tool Is Meant for Marketers" | author=Helft, Miguel | publisher=New York Times | date=2008-08-06 | accessdate=2008-08-06}}</ref>

==Google Hot Trends==
Google Hot Trends is a fairly recent (since [[May 15]], 2007) addition to Google Trends which displays the top 100 hot searches of the past hour. It provides a 24-hour search volume graph as well as blog, news and web search results for the terms. Hot Trends has a history feature for those wishing to browse past hot searches. Hot Trends can be installed as an [[iGoogle]] Gadget. Hot Trends is also available as an hourly [[Atom (standard)|Atom]] [[web feed]].

==Google Music Trends==
'''Google Music Trends''' was an [[opt-out|opt-in]] service that displayed the music most listened to by users of [[Google Talk]], in the form of the 'Week's top songs'. Trends could also be filtered by Genre and Countries.

Google Music Trends was shut down on [[March 31]], [[2008]].<ref>[http://groups.google.com/group/Google-Labs-Music-Trends/browse_thread/thread/5135488f4fd61eaf# Au Revoir - Google-Labs-Music-Trends]</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.google.com/trends Google Trends]
* [http://www.google.com/trends/hottrends Google Hot Trends]
* [http://www.google.co.in/trends Google Trends India]

{{Google Inc.}}

[[Category:Google services|Trends]]
[[es:Google Trends]]
[[fr:Google Trends]]
[[hu:Google Trends]]
[[nl:Google Trends]]
[[ja:Google Trends]]
[[pl:Google Trends]]
[[pt:Google Trends]]

Google Trends

2008-08-13T02:27:48Z

212.198.138.73: /* Background */ "Twilight zone" strange 6-months behaviour

{{Beta software}}
[[Image:Trends.png|thumb|400px|right|[[Color coded]] searching and comparing]]

'''Google Trends''' is a tool from [[Google Labs]] that shows the most popularly searched terms from the beginning of 2004 to now.

==Background==
Google Trends charts how often a particular search term is entered relative the total search volume across various regions of the world, and in various languages. The horizontal axis of the main graph represents time (starting from some time in 2004), and the vertical is how often a term is searched for relative to the total number of searches, globally.<ref>[http://www.google.com/intl/en/trends/about.html#1 http://www.google.com/intl/en/trends/about.html#1]</ref> Below the main graph, popularity is broken down by region, city and language. It is possible to refine the main graph by region and time period.

Google Trends also allows the user to compare the volume of searches between two or more terms.
An additional feature of Google Trends is in its ability to show news related to the search term overlaid on the chart showing how new events affect search popularity.

Interestingly, there are some search keywords that are quite seasonal, like [[summer camps]], which strongly coincides with the end of the United States school year.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=summer+camps http://www.google.com/trends?q=summer+camps]</ref> Another example is the increase of interest in skin cancer as the northern summer approaches.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=skin+cancer http://www.google.com/trends?q=skin+cancer]</ref> However, the reason for seasonal variation is not always obvious. For example, searches for [[Mesopotamia]] peak at the end of September.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=Mesopotamia http://www.google.com/trends?q=Mesopotamia]</ref>

There are also some search keywords that come up around a certain date each year. For example, searches for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] peak on [[April 15]], the deadline for filing taxes in the United States.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=IRS http://www.google.com/trends?q=IRS]</ref> Another example is [[Thanksgiving]].<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=thanksgiving http://www.google.com/trends?q=thanksgiving]</ref> Most searches also seem to have some anomaly before or after Christmas each year, even terms that one would not particularly associate with the season. One such word is [[MATLAB]], a commonly used computation program.<ref>[http://www.google.com/trends?q=MATLAB http://www.google.com/trends?q=MATLAB]</ref>. "Twilight zone" displays a strange peak every 6 months.

Originally, Google neglected updating Google Trends on a regular basis. In March 2007, internet bloggers noticed that Google had not added new data since November 2006, and Trends was updated within a week. Google did not update Trends from March until [[July 30]], and only after it was blogged about, again.<ref>[http://google.blognewschannel.com/archives/2007/07/30/success-google-trends-updated/ Success! Google Trends Updated] ''InsideGoogle'', 30 July 2007.</ref> Google now claims to be "updating the information provided by Google Trends daily; Hot Trends is updated hourly."

On August 6, 2008, Google launched a free service called Insights for Search. Insights for Search is an extension of Google Trends and although the tool is meant for marketers, it can be utilized by any user. The tool allows for the tracking of various words and phrases that are typed into Google’s search box. The tracking device provided a more indepth analysis of results. It also has the ability to categorize and organize the data, with special attention given to the breakdown of information by geographical areas. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/06/business/media/06adco.html?ref=business | title="Google’s New Tool Is Meant for Marketers" | author=Helft, Miguel | publisher=New York Times | date=2008-08-06 | accessdate=2008-08-06}}</ref>

==Google Hot Trends==
Google Hot Trends is a fairly recent (since [[May 15]], 2007) addition to Google Trends which displays the top 100 hot searches of the past hour. It provides a 24-hour search volume graph as well as blog, news and web search results for the terms. Hot Trends has a history feature for those wishing to browse past hot searches. Hot Trends can be installed as an [[iGoogle]] Gadget. Hot Trends is also available as an hourly [[Atom (standard)|Atom]] [[web feed]].

==Google Music Trends==
'''Google Music Trends''' was an [[opt-out|opt-in]] service that displayed the music most listened to by users of [[Google Talk]], in the form of the 'Week's top songs'. Trends could also be filtered by Genre and Countries.

Google Music Trends was shut down on [[March 31]], [[2008]].<ref>[http://groups.google.com/group/Google-Labs-Music-Trends/browse_thread/thread/5135488f4fd61eaf# Au Revoir - Google-Labs-Music-Trends]</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.google.com/trends Google Trends]
* [http://www.google.com/trends/hottrends Google Hot Trends]
* [http://www.google.co.in/trends Google Trends India]

{{Google Inc.}}

[[Category:Google services|Trends]]
[[es:Google Trends]]
[[fr:Google Trends]]
[[hu:Google Trends]]
[[nl:Google Trends]]
[[ja:Google Trends]]
[[pl:Google Trends]]
[[pt:Google Trends]]

Mylyn

2008-08-12T05:29:36Z

212.198.138.73: interwiki fr:

'''Mylyn''' -- a subsystem of [[Eclipse (software)|Eclipse]] for [[task management]].

The project name comes from [[Myelin]], an electrically-insulating layer that surrounds neurons. The old name of this project was [[PET film (biaxially oriented)|Mylar]]. However, the old name is also a trademark of a boPET film company. Therefore, [[Eclipse Foundation]] decided to change the project name.

Mylyn works by making tasks an essential part of Eclipse and integrating rich and offline editing for repositories such as [[Bugzilla]], [[Trac]], and [[Atlassian Software Systems|JIRA]].

Once the tasks are integrated, Mylyn monitors work activity to identify information relevant to the task-at-hand, and uses this task context to focus the Eclipse UI on the related information.

It focuses on improving productivity by reducing searching, scrolling, and navigation. By making task context explicit, Mylyn also facilitates multitasking, planning, reusing past efforts, and sharing expertise.

== Links ==
* '''[http://www.eclipse.org/mylyn/ eclipse.org/mylyn]'''
* [http://wiki.eclipse.org/index.php/Mylyn_FAQ FAQ]

{{software stub}}
[[category: Eclipse technology]]
[[category: Eclipse plugin]]
[[de:Mylyn]]
[[fr:Mylyn]]
[[ru:Mylyn]]

Talk:Auprès de ma blonde

2008-07-31T06:00:34Z

212.198.138.73:

{{Classical|composition=yes}}

{{WikiProject France}}

{{Stubclass
|assessment=Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs/Assessment
|project=Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs{{!}}WikiProject Songs
|template=WikiProjectSongs
|category=Automatically assessed song articles
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{{WikiProjectSongs|class=Stub}}

My French is not very good but doesn't the word Blonde, in this context, mean [[girlfriend]]?
[[User:NorthernThunder|NorthernThunder]] 21:43, 1 September 2006 (UTC)

This is the point that's interesting me. We're forced to imagine a male singer - probably a French soldier held captive in Holland - who is himself imagining the thoughts of his girlfriend - whose father has the gardens, etc. The prettiness of the ideas, which are happy and girlish, are then part of his nostalgic fantasy. [[User:Jsatterthwaite|Jsatterthwaite]] 07:36, 2 March 2007 (UTC)

Hmm, that's an interesting interpretation. I've been trying to work out the viewpoint of the song, myself, with mixed results at best. I had come up with the theory that the POV of the song kept flipping back and forth between the young woman, pining for her captive husband, and her beau, pining for his lost love. It's a bit jarring, but I can imagine it filmed with cuts between the two characters, like "Goodnight, My Someone" from [[The Music Man]]. But I'm not sure, and your interpretation is intriguing. --[[User:DavidConrad|DavidConrad]] 18:19, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

:"Blonde" does mean "girlfriend" in Canada, but not (yet) in France, so if the song dates back to Louis XIV, the word cannot have this acception in the song.
:[[Special:Contributions/212.198.138.73|212.198.138.73]] ([[User talk:212.198.138.73|talk]]) 05:59, 31 July 2008 (UTC)

Talk:Auprès de ma blonde

2008-07-31T05:59:58Z

212.198.138.73:

{{Classical|composition=yes}}

{{WikiProject France}}

{{Stubclass
|assessment=Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs/Assessment
|project=Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs{{!}}WikiProject Songs
|template=WikiProjectSongs
|category=Automatically assessed song articles
}}

{{WikiProjectSongs|class=Stub}}

My French is not very good but doesn't the word Blonde, in this context, mean [[girlfriend]]?
[[User:NorthernThunder|NorthernThunder]] 21:43, 1 September 2006 (UTC)

This is the point that's interesting me. We're forced to imagine a male singer - probably a French soldier held captive in Holland - who is himself imagining the thoughts of his girlfriend - whose father has the gardens, etc. The prettiness of the ideas, which are happy and girlish, are then part of his nostalgic fantasy. [[User:Jsatterthwaite|Jsatterthwaite]] 07:36, 2 March 2007 (UTC)

Hmm, that's an interesting interpretation. I've been trying to work out the viewpoint of the song, myself, with mixed results at best. I had come up with the theory that the POV of the song kept flipping back and forth between the young woman, pining for her captive husband, and her beau, pining for his lost love. It's a bit jarring, but I can imagine it filmed with cuts between the two characters, like "Goodnight, My Someone" from [[The Music Man]]. But I'm not sure, and your interpretation is intriguing. --[[User:DavidConrad|DavidConrad]] 18:19, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

:"Blonde" does mean "girlfriend" in Canada, but not (yet) in France, si if the song dates back to Louis XIV, the word cannot have this acception in the song.
:[[Special:Contributions/212.198.138.73|212.198.138.73]] ([[User talk:212.198.138.73|talk]]) 05:59, 31 July 2008 (UTC)

Latae sententiae and ferendae sententiae

2008-07-30T05:30:27Z

212.198.138.73:

'''''Latae sententiae''''' is a [[Latin]] term used in the [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|canon law]] of the [[Catholic Church]] meaning literally "given (laid down) sentence".

Officially, a ''latae sententiae'' penalty follows automatically, by force of the law itself, when the law is contravened.<ref name="latae-ferendae">{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P4V.HTM |title=Can. 1314 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref> A ''latae sententiae'' penalty may be either one of [[excommunication]], [[Interdict (Roman Catholic Church)|interdict]], or suspension. Excommunication prohibits the exercise of certain baptismal rights, and may involve restrictions on participation in liturgical events and church governance, and the reception of church benefits.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P4X.HTM |title=Can. 1331 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05678a.htm |title=Excommunication |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Catholic Encyclopedia| publisher=New Advent}}</ref> An interdict involves the same liturgical restrictions as excommunication, but does not affect participation in church governance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P4X.HTM |title=Can. 1332 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref> Suspension, which affects only members of the clergy, affects all or some acts of power of orders, governance, or functions attached to an office.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P4X.HTM |title=Can. 1333 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>

In the code of Roman Catholic canon law currently in force, there are eight instances when a person may incur excommunication ''latae sententiae.'' Unless the excusing circumstances outlined in canons 1321-1330<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P4W.HTM |title=Cann. 1321-1330 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref> are verified, the following persons incur excommunication ''latae sententiae'':

* an [[apostate]] from the faith, a [[heretic]], or a [[schism]]atic;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P52.HTM |title=Can. 1364 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>
* a person who throws away the [[Eucharist in the Catholic Church|consecrated Eucharistic species]] or takes and retains them for a [[sacrilegious]] purpose;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P52.HTM |title=Can. 1367 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>
* a person who uses physical force against the [[Pope]];<ref name="can-1370">{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P53.HTM |title=Can. 1370 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>
* a priest who absolves an accomplice in a sin against the sixth [[ten commandments|commandment]] (the ban on [[adultery]]) except in danger of death;<ref name="can-1378">{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P54.HTM |title=Can. 1378 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>
* a [[bishop (Catholic Church)|bishop]] who [[appointment of Catholic bishops|ordains someone a bishop]] without a pontifical mandate, and the person who receives the ordination from him;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P54.HTM |title=Can. 1382 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>
* a confessor who directly violates the sacramental [[Seal of the Confessional|seal of confession]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P54.HTM |title=Can. 1388 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>
* a person who procures a completed [[abortion]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P57.HTM |title=Can. 1398 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref> and
* accomplices who are not named in a law prescribing ''latae sententiae'' excommunication but without whose assistance the violation of the law would not have been committed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P4W.HTM |title=Can. 1329 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>

Hitler did encur ''latae sententiae'' excommunication, but - oddly enough - for his positions and later actions on [[abortion]] and [[eugenism]], because these facts were chronologically the first to justify the measure.

Various other persons incur excommunication ''latae sententiae'' by papal decree, including:

* a person who violates the secrecy of a [[papal election]], or who interferes with it by means such as [[simony]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_jp-ii_apc_22021996_universi-dominici-gregis_en.html |title=Universi Dominici Gregis |accessdate=2008-06-01 |author=John Paul II}}</ref>
* [[Ordination of women#Roman Catholic Church|a woman who is ordained as a priest]] or a bishop who ordains a woman as a priest.<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSL2986418520080529</ref>

Some instances in which one incurs interdict ''latae sententiae'' include the following:

* using physical force against a bishop;<ref name="can-1370" />
* attempting to preside at Eucharist, or giving [[Sacrament of Penance (Catholic Church)|sacramental]] [[absolution]], when not a priest;<ref name="can-1378" />
* falsely denouncing a confessor for soliciting a penitent to sin against the sixth commandment;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P55.HTM |title=Can. 1390 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref> and
* a [[Profession (religious)|perpetually professed]] [[religious order|religious]] who attempts marriage.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P56.HTM |title=Can. 1394 |accessdate=2008-06-01 |work=Code of Canon Law}}</ref>

If the ecclesiastical authority notices someone incurring what it considers a latae sententiae penalty, it may declare that the person has done so. However, the punishment is in effect since the perceived fault was committed, and the declaration simply aims to ascertain what the Church considers a fact.

A latae sententiae penalty differs from a ''ferendae sententiae'' (sentence to be made) one. If one commits an ecclesiastical offense for which a ''ferendae sententiae'' punishment is prescribed, the penalty will only take effect when imposed by the competent ecclesiastical authority.<ref name="latae-ferendae" />

Note that ''latae sententiae'' is an ''[[Adjective|adjectival]]'' phrase accompanying a ''[[noun]]'', such as "excommunication". In connection with a ''[[verb]]'', the corresponding ''[[Adverb|adverbial]]'' phrase is in [[Ablative absolute#Ablative absolute|ablative absolute]] form, as in: "He was excommunicated ''lata sententia''."

==References==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Canon law (Catholic Church)]]
[[Category:Discrimination]]
[[Category:Latin religious phrases]]
[[Category:Sexism]]
[[Category:Sexual and gender prejudices]]

[[it:Latae sententiae]]

The Man from U.N.C.L.E.

2008-07-29T19:06:51Z

212.198.138.73: /* Background */

{{Unreferenced|date=November 2007}}
{{Infobox Television
| show_name = The Man from U.N.C.L.E.
| image = [[Image:The Man from U.N.C.L.E.jpg|220px]]
| caption =
| format = [[Espionage]]
| camera =
| picture_format =
| audio_format =
| runtime = 60 min.
| creator =
| developer =
| executive_producer = [[Norman Felton]]
| starring = [[Robert Vaughn]]<br>[[David McCallum]]<br>[[Leo G. Carroll]]
| narrated =
| theme_music_composer = [[Jerry Goldsmith]]
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| country = {{USA}}
| network = [[NBC]]
| first_aired = [[September 22]], [[1964]]
| last_aired = [[January 15]], [[1968]]
| num_seasons = 4
| num_episodes = 105
| website =
| imdb_id = 0057765
| tv_com_id = 3323
}}
'''''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.''''' is an [[United States|American]] [[television program|television series]] that was broadcast on [[NBC]] from [[September 22]], [[1964]], to [[January 15]], [[1968]].

==History==
There were 105 episodes (see [[1964 in television]] and [[1968 in television]]) created by [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] that made up this series. The first season was broadcast in black-and-white. [http://www.answers.com/topic/the-man-from-u-n-c-l-e-tv-series-1964-spy-film-tv-series?cat=entertainment] The series centered on a two-man troubleshooting team for a covert [[espionage]] organization: [[United States|American]] Napoleon Solo ([[Robert Vaughn]]), and [[Russia]]n Illya Kuryakin ([[David McCallum]]). [[Leo G. Carroll]] played Alexander Waverly, the [[United Kingdom|British]] head of the organization. Lisa Rogers (Barbara Moore) joined the cast as a female regular in the fourth season.


[[James Bond]] creator [[Ian Fleming]] contributed to the show's creation. The book ''The James Bond Films'' reveals that Fleming's TV concept had two characters: Napoleon Solo and April Dancer ([[The Girl from U.N.C.L.E.]]). ("Mr. Solo" was originally the name of a crime boss in Fleming's ''[[Goldfinger (novel)|Goldfinger]]''.) [[Robert Towne]] and [[Harlan Ellison]] wrote scripts for the series, which was originally to have been titled ''Solo''. Author [[Michael Avallone]], who wrote the first original novel based upon the series (see below), is sometimes incorrectly cited as the creator of the series (such as in the January 1967 issue of ''[[Simon Templar|The Saint Magazine]]''). At one point, Fleming's name was to have been connected more directly with the series. The cover of the original [[prospectus]] for the series showed the title ''Ian Fleming's Solo''.<ref>Cover of 2004 book ''The Incredible World of Spy-Fi'', by [[Danny Biederman]].</ref>
Solo was originally slated to be the "solo" star of the series, the only "Man". But a minor walk-on by a Russian agent named Illya Kuryakin caught fire with the fans, and the two were permanently paired.

==Premise==

The series, though fictional, achieved such notability as to have artifacts (props, costumes and documents, and a video clip) from the show included in the [[Ronald Reagan Presidential Library|Ronald Reagan Presidential Library's]] exhibit on spies and counterspies. Similar exhibits can be found in the museums of the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and other agencies and organizations involved with intelligence gathering.

== Background ==
The show revolved around a fictional secret international law-enforcement agency, the '''U'''nited '''N'''etwork '''C'''ommand for '''L'''aw and '''E'''nforcement; it was engaged in a constant struggle against a vast organization known as '''''THRUSH''''' (originally named '''''WASP''''' in the series pilot movie) . Originally the acronym for Thrush was never explained, but in several of the U.N.C.L.E. novels written by [[David McDaniel]], it was explained to mean '''T'''echnological '''H'''ierarchy for the '''R'''emoval of '''U'''ndesirables and the '''S'''ubjugation of '''H'''umanity, and remains exclusive to the paperbacks and not the series itself. THRUSH sounding similarity to James Bond's SMERSH can be noticed.

THRUSH's aim was to conquer the world. Napoleon Solo said, "THRUSH believes in the two-party system: the masters and the slaves." So dangerous was the threat from THRUSH that governments, even those most ideologically opposed such as the [[United States]] and the [[USSR]], cooperated in the formation and operation of [[U.N.C.L.E.]] Similarly, if Solo and Kuryakin held opposing political views, the writers allowed little to show in their interactions.

Though executive producer [[Norman Felton]] and [[Ian Fleming]] had developed the character of Napoleon Solo, it was producer [[Sam Rolfe]] who created the organization of U.N.C.L.E. Unlike the nationalistic organizations of the CIA and [[James Bond]]'s MI6, U.N.C.L.E. was a worldwide organization that comprised agents from all corners of the globe. The character of Illya Kuryakin was created by Rolfe as a Russian U.N.C.L.E. agent.

The creators of the series decided that the involvement of an innocent character would be part of each episode, giving the audience someone with whom it could identify.{{Fact|date=November 2007}} Through all the changes in series in the course of four seasons, this element remained a factor — from a suburban housewife in the pilot, "The Vulcan Affair" (film version: "To Trap a Spy"), to the various people kidnapped in the final episode, "The Seven Wonders of the World Affair".

== Season 1 ==
The show's first season was in [[Black-and-White|black & white]]. Rolfe's genius was to create a kind of ''[[Alice in Wonderland]]'' world, where the monotony of everyday life would intermittently intersect with the looking glass fantasy of international espionage which lay just beyond mundane everyday life. The U.N.C.L.E. universe was one where the weekly "innocent" would get caught up in a series of fantastic adventures, in a Manichean battle of good and evil. In its idealistic depiction of an international organization that transcended borders and agents of all nationalities worked together, Rolfe's U.N.C.L.E. anticipated [[Gene Roddenberry]]'s interstellar [[United Federation of Planets]] in ''"[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]"'' two seasons later. Rolfe also skillfully blended deadly suspense with a light touch, reminiscent of the best of Hitchcock. In fact, ''U.N.C.L.E.'' owes just as much to Alfred Hitchcock as it does Ian Fleming, the touchstone being ''North by Northwest'', where an innocent man is mistaken for an agent of a top secret organization headed by Leo G. Carroll.

UNCLE headquarters in [[New York City]] were most frequently entered by a [[secret passage|secret entrance]] in Del Floria's Tailor Shop. Another entrance was through The Masque Club. Mr. Waverly had his own secret entrance. Unlike the competing TV series ''[[I Spy]]'' however, the shows were overwhelmingly shot on the MGM back lot. The same outside staircase was used for episodes set throughout the Mediterranean and Latin America, and the same eucalyptus dirt road on the back lot in Culver City stood in for virtually every continent of the globe. The episodes followed a naming convention where each title was in the form of "The ***** Affair", such as "The Vulcan Affair", "The Mad, Mad, Tea Party Affair", "The Waverly Ring Affair", and "The Deadly Quest Affair", the only exceptions being, "Alexander the Greater Affair", parts 1 & 2.

Rolfe managed to make the implausibility of it all seem not only feasible but entertaining. Frogmen emerging from wells in [[Iowa]], shootouts between UNCLE and THRUSH agents in a crowded midtown [[Manhattan]] [[film|movie]] [[theatre]], top secret organizations hidden behind innocuous [[brownstone]] facades; this was a parallel [[universe]] that lay just beyond our own. Rolfe left the show at the conclusion of the first season, frustrated by lack of recognition of his role in the show's success and his lack of monetary compensation.

In its first season ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' competed against ''[[The Red Skelton Show]]'' on [[CBS]] and [[Walter Brennan]]'s short-lived ''[[The Tycoon (TV series)|The Tycoon]]'' on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]].

== Seasons 2-4 ==
Switching to [[color]], ''U.N.C.L.E.'' continued to enjoy huge popularity but the new producer, David Victor, read articles that called the show a spoof and that is what it became. Over the next three seasons, no fewer than five different show runners would supervise the U.N.C.L.E. franchise, and not one of them had a clear understanding of what made the show's unique qualities. Also, ''U.N.C.L.E.'' had spawned a swarm of imitators. In 1964, it was the only American spy show on American TV; by 1966, there were nearly a dozen. In a vain attempt to emulate the success of ABC's mid-season hit, ''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]'', which had taken the nation by storm upon its debut in spring of 1966, ''U.N.C.L.E.'' devolved into self-parody and slapstick.

This [[camp (style)|campiness]] was most in evidence during the third season, when the producers made a conscious decision to increase the level of humor (though second season had shown a considerable increase towards a farcical approach with "The Yukon Affair" and "The Indian Affairs Affair"). With unfunny shows like "The My Friend the Gorilla Affair," the show tested the loyalties of its supporters and this direction resulted in a severe [[Nielsen ratings|ratings]] drop, and nearly resulted in the show's cancellation. It was renewed for a fourth season and an attempt was made to go back to serious storytelling, but the show's final producer, Anthony Spinner, turned it into a grim, plodding shadow of its former self, and it was cancelled midway through its fourth season.

The theme music, written by [[Jerry Goldsmith]], changed slightly each season. Goldsmith only provided four original scores and was replaced by Morton Stevens, who also composed four scores for the series. After Stevens, [[Walter Scharf]] did six scores, and [[Lalo Schifrin]] (who later wrote the memorable ''[[Mission: Impossible]]'' theme) did two. [[Gerald Fried]] was composer from season two through the beginning of season four. The final composers were [[Robert Drasnin]], [[Nelson Riddle]] and [[Richard Shores]]. The music reflected the show's changing seasons – Goldsmith, Stevens and Scharf composed compelling and dramatic scores in the first season using brass, unique time signatures and martial rhythms, Gerald Fried and Robert Drasnin went for a lighter approach in the second, employing harpsichords and bongos and by the third season, the music had become pure farce exemplified by an R&B organ and saxophone version of the theme. The fourth season's strained attempt at seriousness was duly echoed by Richard Shores' somber and uninspired scores.

== Props ==
Solo and Kuryakin, trained in [[martial arts]], also had a range of useful [[secret agent|spy]] equipment, including handheld [[satellite]] communicators to keep in contact with UNCLE headquarters. A [[catchphrase]] often heard was "Open Channel D" when agents used their pocket radios (originally disguised as [[cigarette]] packs, later as a [[cigarette case]], and in following seasons, as [https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/cia-museum/spy-fi-archives/item03.html pens]).

One [[theatrical property|prop]], often referred to as "The Gun," drew so much attention that it actually spurred considerable fan mail, often so addressed. Internally designated the [http://www.theunclegun.com/ebay/Wikipedia.GIF "U.N.C.L.E. Special"], it featured a modular [[Semi-automatic firearm|semi-automatic]] weapon, originally based on the [[Mauser#Mauser Model 1934 Pocket Pistol|Mauser Model 1934 Pocket Pistol]], but soon replaced by the more-readily available [[Walther P38]] [[pistol]]. As such, the gun could be converted into a longer-range [[carbine]] by attaching a long barrel, extendable shoulder stock, telescopic sight, and extended [[Magazine (firearm)|magazine]]. The magazine was actually a standard magazine with a dummy extension on it, but it inspired several manufacturers to begin making long magazines for various pistols. The gun usually fired some form of a fast acting tranquilizing dart instead of bullets as opposed to the lethality of a THRUSH weapon.
While many of these continue to be available 40 years later, long magazines were not available for the P-38 for some years. However, they are now being custom made, as are reproduction parts for the U.N.C.L.E. carbine, and sold at [https://www.theunclegun.com "TheUncleGun.com"].
. [http://www.theunclegun.com/DVD/1DVD%20group%20capture.JPG "Pictures"] of their U.N.C.L.E. gun reproductions can also be seen on the official [http://www.timelife.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?catalogId=10001&storeId=1001&langId=-1&productId=19001&sourcekey=Y81GAFFXXX&siteID=0RN8cTt.DC4-eWWVTvFtpLC1YtuPO5FhSw "Man From U.N.C.L.E. DVD set"]. The "U.N.C.L.E. Special"-configured [[Walther P38]] would later become the distinctive alternate mode for the ''[[Transformers]]'' character [[Megatron]], the evil leader of the [[Decepticon]]s.
THRUSH had an equally impressive range of weaponry, much of it only in development before being destroyed by our heroes; their most notable item was the infrared [[sniperscope]], enabling them to target gunfire in total darkness. A major design defect of the sniperscope (both in the TV series and in the real world) was that its image tube's power supply emitted a distinctive whining sound when operating. This device was built around a U. S. Army-surplus [[M1 carbine]].

A few of the third- and fourth-season episodes featured an "U.N.C.L.E. car", which was developed from the Piranha, a [[concept car]] built to prove the usefulness of plastics in auto construction.

== Spin-offs ==
The series was popular enough that a spin-off series, ''[[The Girl from U.N.C.L.E.]]'', ran for one season, starring [[Stefanie Powers]] as agent "April Dancer" (a character name credited to Ian Fleming). There was some crossover between the two shows, and Leo G. Carroll played Waverly in both programs, becoming one of the first actors in American television to star as the same character in two separate series (a feat later repeated by [[Richard Anderson]] and [[Martin E. Brooks]] on ''[[The Six Million Dollar Man]]'' and ''[[The Bionic Woman]]'').

''The Man From U.N.C.L.E.'' rated so highly in America and the UK that MGM and the producers decided to film extra footage (often more adult to evoke Bond films) for two of the first season episodes and release them to theaters after they had aired on TV. The episodes with the extra footage that made it to theaters were the original pilot, "The Vulcan Affair" retitled ''To Trap a Spy'', and also from the first season "The Double Affair" retitled as ''The Spy With My Face''. Both had added sex and violence, new sub-plots and guest stars not in the original TV episodes. They were often released as an ''U.N.C.L.E.'' double-feature program first run in neighborhood theaters, bypassing the customary downtown movie palaces which were still thriving in the mid-60s and where new movies usually played for weeks and even months before coming to outlying screens.

A selling point to seeing these films on the big screen back then was that they were being shown in color, at a time when most people had black and white TVs. The words IN COLOR featured prominently on the trailers, tv spots and posters for the film releases.

Subsequent two-part episodes, beginning with the second season premiere, "Alexander The Greater Affair," retitled ''One Spy Too Many'' for its theatrical release, were developed into one complete feature film with only occasional extra sexy and violent footage added to them, sometimes as just inserts.

All of the films were successful in many parts of the world, even those where the TV show did not air, sometimes surpassing box office receipts of the most recent Bond film. The later films were not released in America, only overseas, but the first few did well in American theaters and remain one of the few times a television show has been released in paid theatrical engagements.

Among the films in this series:
* ''To Trap a Spy'' (1964)
* ''The Spy with My Face'' (1965)
* ''One Spy Too Many'' (1966)
* ''One of Our Spies is Missing'' (1966)
* ''The Spy in the Green Hat'' (1966)
* ''The Karate Killers'' (1967)
* ''The Helicopter Spies'' (1968) (TV)
* ''[[How to Steal the World]]'' (1968)

The U.N.C.L.E. fad also inspired a related series of books, the best of which, in most opinions, were written by [[David McDaniel]]. See below for a listing.


Other spin-offs included a ''Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' digest-sized story magazine, board games, action-figures, and toy pistols. The show also inspired the naming of the [[T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents]].

Several comic strips based on the series have been published. In the US, there was a [[Gold Key Comics]] comic book series (one based on the show, which ran for about a dozen issues. A two-part comics story, "The Birds of Prey Affair" was put out by [[Millennium Publications]] in 1993, which showcased the return of a smaller, much more streamlined version of Thrush, controlled by Dr. Egret, who had melded with the Ultimate Computer. The script was written by [[Mark Ellis (writer)|Mark Ellis]] and [[Terry Collins]] with artwork by [[Nick Choles]], and transplanted the characters into the present day.

Two ''Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' strips were originated for the British market in the 1960s (some Gold Key material was also reprinted), the most notable for ''Lady Penelope'' comic, which launched in January 1966. This was replaced by a ''Girl from U.N.C.L.E.'' strip in January 1967. ''Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' also featured in the short-lived title ''Solo'' (published between February and September 1967) and some text stories appeared in ''TV Tornado''.

=== Reunion TV-movie ===
A reunion [[telefilm]], ''The Return of the Man from U.N.C.L.E.'', subtitled ''The Fifteen Years Later Affair'' was broadcast on [[CBS]] in America on [[April 5]], [[1983]], with Vaughn and McCallum reprising their roles, and [[Patrick Macnee]] replacing [[Leo G. Carroll]] as the head of U.N.C.L.E. A framed picture of Carroll appeared on his desk. The movie included a tribute to Ian Fleming via a cameo appearance by an unidentified secret agent with the initials "J.B." The part was played by one-time James Bond [[George Lazenby]] who was shown driving Bond's trademark vehicle, an [[Aston Martin DB5]]. One character, identifying him, says that it is "just like ''[[On Her Majesty's Secret Service]]''," which was, of course, Lazenby's only Bond film.

The movie briefly filled in the missing years. THRUSH had been put out of business, and the remaining leader was in prison (his escape begins the story). Illya had quit U.N.C.L.E. after a mission had gone sour and an innocent woman been killed, and now designed women's clothing at Vanya's in [[New York]]. Napoleon had been pushed out of U.N.C.L.E. and now sold computers, though he still carried his U.N.C.L.E. pen radio for sentimental reasons (which is how the organization is able to contact him after so many years).

Solo and Kuryakin were recalled to recapture and defeat Thrush once and for all, but the movie misfired on a key point: instead of reuniting the agents on the mission -- and showcasing their witty interaction -- the agents were separated and paired with younger agents. Like most similar reunion films, this production was considered a trial balloon for a possible new series, but none emerged.

In an Episode of the A-Team, season three, where Robert Vaughn had a recurring role as Genral Stockwell, David McCallum guest starred in an episode titled "The Say Uncle Affair" as Stockwell's former espionage partner, Ivan. Footage from the series was used for flashbacks in the story, and the signature change of scene music from The Man From UNCLE was used whenever scenes changed in that episode.

McCallum may have played the only character ever to have been killed in an A-Team episode.

== DVD releases ==
In November 2007, after coming to an agreement with [[Warner Home Video]], [[Time-Life]] released a 41 DVD set (region 1) for direct order, with sales through stores scheduled for fall 2008.[http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/newsitem.cfm?NewsID=7563] An earlier release by [[Anchor Bay]], allegedly set for 2006, was apparently scuttled because of a dispute over the rights to the series with [[Warner Brothers]].[http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/newsitem.cfm?NewsID=5482] [http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/newsitem.cfm?NewsID=7190]

A region 2 DVD ([[PAL]] for Europe) release of The Man from U.N.C.L.E. movies was released on September 8, 2003. The DVD contains five of the eight movies, missing the following: ''To Trap a Spy'' (1964), ''The Spy in the Green Hat'' (1966) and ''One of Our Spies is Missing'' (1966).

== Original novels ==
[[Image:ManfromUncle1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The first ''Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' novel, by [[Michael Avallone]]. Pictured: [[Robert Vaughn]].]]
[[Image:ManFromUNCLEbook.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Rare children's storybook based upon ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' Left to right: [[David McCallum]], [[Robert Vaughn]] and [[Leo G. Carroll]].]]

Two dozen original novels were based upon ''Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' and published between 1965 and 1968 (for a time, the most of any American-produced television series except for ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'', though there have now been more original novels published based upon ''[[Alias (TV series)|Alias]]'' and ''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy the Vampire Slayer]]''). Freed from the limitations of network television, these novels were generally grittier and more violent than the televised episodes and were very successful.
# ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' (a.k.a. ''The Thousand Coffins Affair'') - [[Michael Avallone]]
# ''The Doomsday Affair'' - [[Harry Whittington (writer)|Harry Whittington]]
# ''The Copenhagen Affair'' - [[John Oram]]
# ''The Dagger Affair'' - [[David McDaniel]]
# ''The Mad Scientist Affair'' - [[John T. Phillifent]]
# ''The Vampire Affair'' - McDaniel
# ''The Radioactive Camel Affair'' - [[Peter Leslie]]
# ''The Monster Wheel Affair'' - McDaniel
# ''The Diving Dames Affair'' - Leslie
# ''The Assassination Affair'' - [[J. Hunter Holly]]
# ''The Invisibility Affair'' - [[Buck Coulson]] and [[Gene DeWeese]] (writing as "Thomas Stratton")
# ''The Mind Twisters Affair'' - "Stratton"
# ''The Rainbow Affair'' - McDaniel
# ''The Cross of Gold Affair'' - [[Ron Ellik]] and [[Fredric Langley]] (writing as "Fredric Davies")
# ''The Utopia Affair'' - McDaniel
# ''The Splintered Sunglasses Affair'' - Leslie
# ''The Hollow Crown Affair'' - McDaniel
# ''The Unfair Fare Affair'' - Leslie
# ''The Power Cube Affair'' - Phillifent
# ''The Corfu Affair'' - Phillifent
# ''The Thinking Machine Affair'' - [[Joel Bernard (writer)|Joel Bernard]]
# ''The Stone Cold Dead in the Market Affair'' - Oram
# ''The Finger in the Sky Affair'' - Leslie.

Another volume, ''The Final Affair'', also by David McDaniel, was completed but not published. Copies of the manuscript have circulated among fans for decades. Written ''after'' the series was cancelled, it was intended to provide a definitive conclusion to Solo and Illya's adventures. At one time there were plans to publish ''The Final Affair'' in a limited deluxe edition, but the project failed. Another book, ''The Catacombs and Dogma Affair'', has been mentioned in some sources, but it isn't listed as one of the official U.N.C.L.E. novels (it's possible it might be one of the above volumes, retitled, or it may be the unpublished second U.N.C.L.E.novel by J. Hunter Holly, which has been circulated in mimeographed form among fans). Volumes 10-15 and 17 of the series were only published in the United States.

Two science-fiction novels - ''Genius Unlimited'' by [[John Rackham]] (a pseudonym used by Phillifent) and ''The Arsenal Out of Time'' by McDaniel - appear to be rewrites of "orphaned" U.N.C.L.E novel outlines or manuscripts.

''The Rainbow Affair'' is notable for its thinly-disguised cameo appearances by [[Simon Templar|The Saint]], [[Miss Marple]], [[John Steed]], [[Emma Peel]], [[Tommy Hambledon]] (at whose flat Solo and Ilya encounter Steed and Peel), [[Neddie Seagoon]], [[Father Brown]], a retired, elderly [[Sherlock Holmes]], and [[Dr. Fu Manchu]]. The novel uses the same chapter title format that [[Leslie Charteris]] used in his ''Saint'' novels. (The title of one of the theatrical versions of UNCLE episodes, ''[[The Spy in the Green Hat]]'', is very close to the title of ''[[The Man in the Green Hat]]'', one of the "Hambledon" novels by "[[Manning Coles]]".)

[[Whitman Publishing|Whitman Books]] also published three hardcover novels aimed at young readers and based upon the series. The first two books break the naming convention "The .... Affair" used by all other U.N.C.L.E. fiction and episodes:

# ''The Affair of the Gunrunners' Gold'' - [[Keith Brandon]]
# ''The Affair of the Gentle Saboteur'' - Brandon
# ''The Calcutta Affair'' - [[George Elrick]]

A children's storybook entitled ''The Coin of El Diablo Affair'' was also published.

The aforementioned digest magazine based upon ''Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' and often featured original [[novella]]s that were not published anywhere else. There were 24 issues running monthly from February 1966 till January 1968, inclusive.

== Trivia ==
{{Trivia|date=January 2008}}
{{Original research|section||date=January 2008}}

* One of the original pen communicators now resides in the [https://cia.gov/about-cia/cia-museum/cia-museum-tour/index.html museum of the Central Intelligence Agency]. Unfortunately, the museum is not accessible to the public. Replicas have been made over the years for other displays, and this is the second-most-identifiable prop from the series (closely following the U.N.C.L.E. Special pistol).
* Future ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek]]'' stars [[William Shatner]] and [[Leonard Nimoy]] appeared together in a 1964 episode, "The Project Strigas Affair." Shatner played a heroic civilian recruited for an U.N.C.L.E. mission, and Nimoy played the villain's bumbling henchman.
* [[Barbara Feldon]], later to become Agent 99 on [[Get Smart]], played an U.N.C.L.E. translator eager for field work in "The Never-Never Affair."
* [[Woodrow Parfrey]] appeared five times as a guest performer, more than any other actor, although he never received an opening-title credit. Usually cast as a scientist, he played the primary villain in only one episode, "The Cherry Blossom Affair."
* Forty years after the debut of this series, both of its main stars found themselves enjoying renewed popularity on television, Vaughn in the British caper series ''[[Hustle (TV series)|Hustle]]'' and McCallum in the American military crime investigation series ''[[NCIS (TV series)|NCIS]]''. In the season two NCIS episode "The Meat Puzzle," [[Leroy Jethro Gibbs|Leroy Gibbs]] mentions that when he was younger, [[Donald Mallard|Ducky Mallard]] looked like Illya Kuryakin.
*One episode of the 1980s adventure series ''[[The A-Team]]'' was entitled "The Say U.N.C.L.E. Affair" and featured Vaughn and McCallum. Vaughn was a member of ''The A-Team'''s cast at this point, playing General Stockwell, while McCallum appeared as an enemy agent, Ivan. The episode was loaded with in-jokes referencing the series but otherwise there was no link to the original show.
* ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' was parodied in an episode of ''[[The Dick Van Dyke Show]]'', fittingly titled "The Man from My Uncle." In this episode, Rob Petrie (Van Dyke) allows his suburban house to be used as a stakeout for an unnamed government agency. They want to spy on one of his neighbors who has a deported nephew that may be back in the country illegally. Comedian Godfrey Cambridge guest stars as an agent whose name is Mr. Bond, a recurring joke in the episode. In the show's final scene, referred to in sitcom circles as the "tag," Rob is playing with the agent's walkie talkie and fantasizes that he is negotiating a hostage exchange with THRUSH.
*Parodied by MGM itself on [[The Mouse from H.U.N.G.E.R.]], an episode of [[Tom and Jerry]].
*A few brief reference to U.N.C.L.E. are made in [[Black Dossier|The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: The Black Dossier]], along with appearances by characters from [[The Avengers (TV series)|The Avengers]], [[Danger Man]], and [[The Prisoner]]. U.N.C.L.E. is never called by name in the story.
*In his famous 1980s album "get happy!!," Elvis Costello wrote the track "man called uncle".E ven if the lyrics do not make any references to the show,the song has a Sixties upbeat feel connected with the original "Man from U.N.C.L.E" soundtrack.
*In an episode of [[Tales from the Darkside]] titled The Impressionist, a government organization named U.N.C.L.E. hires an impersonator to talk with an alien.
*In the video game Duke Nukem 3D, there is a secret military base, and hidden on a telephone booth it says "U.N.C.L.E." rather than the typical "PHONE." Using this phone leads to a hidden area.
*The British TV series [[The Avengers (TV series)|The Avengers]] featured an episode titled "The Girl from AUNTIE".
*An Argentinian Funk duo was named [[Illya Kuryaki and the Valderramas]] honoring the fictitious spy.
*In the [[Randall Garrett]] novel [[Too Many Magicians]], character Tia Einzig's father's brother Neapeler is said to come from the Isle of Mann, and thus is the Uncle from Mann.

== See also ==
* [[Mortadelo y Filemón]]
* [[Illyah Kuryahkin]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* [http://www.davidmccallumfansonline.com/ David McCallum Fans Online] - website for David McCallum, but lots of UNCLE pictures and content
* [http://www.manfromuncle.org/ The Fans from U.N.C.L.E.] - fansite with character profiles and show history
* [http://members.aol.com/Wmkoenig/unclepg.htm The Man from U.N.C.L.E. episode guide] - plot summaries and credits
* [http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/M/htmlM/manfromun/manfromun.htm Encyclopedia of Television]
* [https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/cia-museum/spy-fi-archives/ CIA Spy Fi Archives] including U.N.C.L.E. artifacts
* [http://webs.lanset.com/lurch/uncle/front.html The Television Tie-In Affair] - images of comics, magazines and memorabilia
* [http://solovision.aithine.org/ Site devoted to Napoleon Solo]
* [http://www.wesleybritton.com/ Spywise: "The U.N.C.L.E. Movie That Never Was"]
* [http://www.manfromuncle.org/kcretro1.htm "The Man from U.N.C.L.E.: A Retrospective" by Kathleen Crighton]
* [http://www.timelife.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?catalogId=10001&storeId=1001&langId=-1&productId=19001 Time-Life's Nov. 2007 DVD collection]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Man from U.N.C.L.E., The}}
[[Category:1960s American television series]]
[[Category:1964 television series debuts]]
[[Category:1968 television series endings]]
[[Category:Espionage television series]]
[[Category:Gold Key Comics titles]]
[[Category:NBC network shows]]
[[Category:Television series by Warner Bros. Television]]

[[de:Solo für O.N.C.E.L.]]
[[es:El agente de CIPOL]]
[[fr:Des agents très spéciaux]]
[[ja:0011ナポレオン・ソロ]]
[[sv:Mannen från UNCLE]]

Monsieur N.

2008-07-22T13:32:58Z

212.198.138.73: Mention of "Monsieur Abel" in the movie

{{Infobox Film
| name = Monsieur N.
| image = Monsieur N. movie.jpg
| caption = ''Monsieur N.'' film poster
| director = [[Antoine de Caunes]]
| writer = [[René Manzor]]
| starring = [[Philippe Torreton]]<br>[[Richard E. Grant]]<br>[[Jay Rodan]]
| producer = [[Pierre Kubel]]
| distributor = Empire Pictures
| budget = €15,920,000
| released = [[12 February]] [[2003]] (<small>France</small>)
| runtime = 120 min.
| language = French, English, Corsican
| imdb_id = 0308595
| }}

'''''Monsieur N.''''' is a [[2003 in film|2003]] [[France|French]] [[Film|movie]] [[film director|directed]] by [[Antoine de Caunes]]. It tells the story of the last years of the life of [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] (played by [[Philippe Torreton]]) who was imprisoned by the [[British Empire|British]] on [[St Helena]]. Napoleon retained a loyal entourage of officers who helped him plot his escape, and evaded the attentions of Sir [[Hudson Lowe]] ([[Richard E. Grant]]), the island's overzealous [[Governor]].

The film suggests that Napoleon could have escaped to [[Louisiana]], where he died, and that the body exhumed and now at [[Les Invalides]] is that of Napoleon's officer Cipriani. The movie also suggests that Napoleon and his young new English wife could have attended the ceremony of "Napoleon"'s burial in the Invalides.

*[[Tagline]]: ''A single letter contains history's greatest enigma.''

==External links==
*{{fr icon}} [http://www.marsfilms.com/site/monsieurn/ Official site]
*{{imdb title|id=0308595|title=Monsieur N.}}

{{France-film-stub}}
[[Category:2003 films]]
[[Category:Drama films]]
[[Category:French films]]
[[Category:Films about Napoleon]]
[[Category:French-language films]]
[[Category:English-language films]]
[[Category:Corsican-language films]]
[[fr:Monsieur N.]]

Talk:Missus dominicus

2008-07-22T11:23:36Z

212.198.138.73:

== Genitive required, no ? ==
''missus "dominicus"'' : are you sure it is not missus domini'''ci''' ('''of''' the Lord). [[Special:Contributions/212.198.138.73|212.198.138.73]] ([[User talk:212.198.138.73|talk]]) 11:23, 22 July 2008 (UTC)